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三、 透析描寫手段，進(jìn)行合理推斷

專業(yè)英語四級閱讀還有一個(gè)獨(dú)特的考點(diǎn)，就是對描寫手段的考查，一般會出現(xiàn)在記敘文和描寫文當(dāng)中。描寫手段可以分為外觀描寫、行為描寫、對話描寫和心理描寫四類。如09年Text C就是一篇記敘文，講述作者在電腦出故障后，修理過程中遇到的一系列尷尬和摩擦。該文的92題"Which of the following is the author's opinion about the woman at the Global Support Centre?"就涉及文中對該女性的一段精彩描寫。原文內(nèi)容如下：

I opened the special drawer where I keep CDs. But no Windows CD in there. I was forced to call the computer company's Global Support Centre. My call was answered by a woman in some unnamed, far-off land. I find it annoying to make small talk with someone when I don't know what continent they're standing on. Suppose I were to comment on the beautiful weather we've been having when there was a monsoon at the other end of the phone? So I got right to the point.

"My computer is telling me a file is corrupted and it wants to fix itself, but I don't have the Windows Setup CD."

"So you're having a problem with your Windows Setup CD." She has apparently been dozing and, having come to just as the sentence ended, was attempting to cover for her inattention.

原文中劃線部分涉及到兩種描寫方式：對話描寫和行為描寫。先是作者陳述自己問題，這位女士對問題進(jìn)行反饋，這是對話描寫。緊接著，作者描寫了這位女性在回答作者問題后的反應(yīng)，這里采用了行為描寫。

我們在一般的對話描寫中會遵循一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)原則，即雙方對話必須有意義相關(guān)性，一方提出問題，另一方就要回答問題。但這個(gè)對話明顯違背這個(gè)原則，因?yàn)檫@位女士只是把作者的話重復(fù)了一次，并未回答作者心頭的疑問。這種反正常原則的對話方式恰好說明這位女士說話心不在焉。在行為描寫中，作者也用幾個(gè)簡單的動(dòng)詞（doze, come to, attempt to cover for her inattention），準(zhǔn)確刻畫出該女士當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。據(jù)此，我們不但推斷出當(dāng)時(shí)作者對這位女士失望至極。因此，我們很容易認(rèn)定92題答案是B項(xiàng)She was there to make the callers frustrated。

以上就是筆者對2009年專業(yè)英語四級閱讀理解部分的綜合評述。建議各位考生在今后考試當(dāng)中不要片面地認(rèn)為詞匯量大，讀懂文中每句話的字面意思就可以達(dá)到解題的目的，最關(guān)鍵的是要搞清楚文中句與句之間、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，清晰把握作者的思路，才能達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確理解和合理推斷的目的。