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本文探討了動物是否有權(quán)利的問題。

文中45s處有破折號

The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental, question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all? Many deny it. Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake -- a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.
問題的癥結(jié)在于，如果對人的權(quán)利沒有一致的看法，爭論動物的權(quán)利是徒勞無益的。這種說法從一開始就將討論引向兩個極端，它使人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該這樣對待動物：要么像對人類自身一樣關(guān)切體諒動物，要么完全冷漠無情。這是一種不真實(shí)的選擇。這是一種錯誤的選擇。最好以另一種更為根本性的提問開始：我們對待動物的方法是一個道德問題嗎？ 許多人否認(rèn)這種提法。這類人持極端看法，認(rèn)為人與動物在各相關(guān)方面都不相同，對待動物無須考慮道德問題。任何關(guān)心動物疾苦的想法都是錯誤的，因?yàn)樗褢?yīng)該用來關(guān)心其他人的同情心錯誤地用到動物身上。