1、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式:由for + 名詞(或代詞賓格)+ 動(dòng)詞不定式即構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞不定式。其中for本身無(wú)意義。for后面的名詞或代詞是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ),這種不定式在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ),如:It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 當(dāng)作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征時(shí),就用介詞of而不用for引出不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ),這些形容詞一般有g(shù)ood, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to help him every day.??

2、疑問(wèn)詞+ 動(dòng)詞不定式:疑問(wèn)代詞和疑問(wèn)副詞后可加動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ),在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),如:How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.?

3、動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式:動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是由not + 動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成,如:It’s wrong of you not to attend the meeting.

4、動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)形式所表示的時(shí)間關(guān)系:

(1)一般式:動(dòng)詞不定式一般式所表示的動(dòng)作是和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,但在多數(shù)情況下,是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生,如:We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后),They often watch us play table tennis.(同時(shí));

(2)完成式:動(dòng)詞不定式完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前,如:I am sorry to have kept you waiting.

(3)進(jìn)行式:動(dòng)詞不定式進(jìn)行式所表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中,而且與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,如:She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.???

5、動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法:如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)為這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者,不定式一般就用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式,如:What is to be done next hasn’t been decided yet.