動(dòng)詞不定式除了不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)外,幾乎可以充當(dāng)句子中所有的句子成分。今天,小編就來(lái)和大家分享一下有關(guān)動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)句子成分的語(yǔ)法知識(shí),一起來(lái)看看吧!

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動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)

不定式可以充當(dāng)部分及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),也可以充當(dāng)but和except等介詞的賓語(yǔ)以及形容詞的賓語(yǔ).

1. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)

①不定式可以充當(dāng)部分及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)

Father likes to listen to music in silence. 父親喜歡靜靜地聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。

He prefers to be starved to death rather than beg. 他寧愿餓死也不原乞討。

I rather thought to meet you here. 我沒(méi)想到在這里遇見(jiàn)你。

②在feel, find, make, think, consider, 等動(dòng)詞后,如果賓語(yǔ)帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),人們通常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而把真實(shí)的賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后。

I found it possible to work out the problem without a computer. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能不用計(jì)算機(jī)而解出這道題目。

She made it a rule to get up at 5:00. 她養(yǎng)成了五點(diǎn)起床的習(xí)慣。

I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.我覺(jué)得被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)跁?huì)上面對(duì)這么多學(xué)生發(fā)言是一件很光榮的事情。

③在表示“希望、打算”等動(dòng)詞(如hope, except, intend, mean, want, 等)的過(guò)去式后,可接動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式來(lái)表示沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作。

I intended to have called on you ,but was prevented from dong so. 我原想來(lái)拜訪你的,但沒(méi)來(lái)成。

I expected to have met him here last night. 我以為昨天晚上能在這里見(jiàn)到他。(但沒(méi)做到)

We meant to have stayed there a week. 我們?cè)蛩阍谀莾捍粢粋€(gè)星期的 。

I wanted to have dropped her a line, but forgot to do so.? 我原想寫(xiě)一封信給她,但忘記了。

2. 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

不定式可以作介詞but和except的賓語(yǔ)。

The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard. 老師除了叫他努力學(xué)習(xí)外,未做任何評(píng)價(jià)。

He had no choice but to sit there as usual. 他沒(méi)有什么選擇,只好像往常一樣坐在那兒。

There is nothing we can do but wait patiently. 我們只能耐心等待。

3. 作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)

不定式作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)有兩種類型,一是句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ),二是句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。

①句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)

這一類的形容詞有:afraid, angry, anxious, clever, content, cruel, determined, disappointed, eager, foolish, fortunate, frightened, happy, impatient, glad, lucky, naughty, prepared, proud, ready, slow, shocked, sorry, surprised, willing等。

I am sorry to say that he is going from bad to worse. 很遺憾他的情況每況愈下。

She was not content to live a quiet life in a small town. 他不滿足在一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)里過(guò)默默無(wú)聞的生活。 ?

②句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)

這類的形容詞有:easy, hard, cheap, expensive, dangerous, difficult, funny, fit, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, simple, strange, useful,等.

This problem is easy to solve. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題很容易解決。

The water is not fit to drink. 這水不適合飲用。

She is hard to get along with. 她不太好相處。

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