?首先，在閱讀中會(huì)出現(xiàn)的邏輯除了常見的因果、并列、轉(zhuǎn)折和比較以外，考生們還需要清楚的是舉例、指代、否定和順序也是閱讀里面常見的邏輯。每一個(gè)邏輯對(duì)于解題和把握段落結(jié)構(gòu)都是非常重要的。

? ? ? ?以我們常見的比較邏輯為例。比較邏輯出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候需要關(guān)注四個(gè)要素：比較對(duì)象、比較方面、比較大小和比較的限制范圍。舉個(gè)中文例子：在冬天，南方比北方更冷。在這個(gè)句子中我們看到的比較對(duì)象即南方vs北方，比較方面即氣溫（冷），比較大小即南方>北方（南方更冷），比較的限制范圍即在冬天。出現(xiàn)比較邏輯的時(shí)候題目的考點(diǎn)便落在這四要素上了，只要選項(xiàng)中對(duì)象錯(cuò)或者方面錯(cuò)或者大小反了或者限制范圍被更改，便可以判斷該選項(xiàng)為錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)。在解題的時(shí)候完全可以根據(jù)相應(yīng)的考點(diǎn)來區(qū)分正誤。

比如：

It is also possible that the costs of job changing by employees vary internationally. Data suggest that workers in the United States may well be more likely to change employers than workers elsewhere may be. Indeed, data confirm that, on average, American workers have been with their current employers fewer years than workers in most other developed countries, particularly workers in Europe and Japan, have been with theirs. It is not known why Americans are more mobile than most others are, but one possibility relates to the lower levels of company training received by American workers. Another possibility, however, is that the costs of mobility are lower in the United States (despite the fact that Japan and Europe are more densely populated and hence more urban). What would create these lower costs?

5. According to paragraph 3, what is one possible explanation for why American workers change jobs more frequently than workers elsewhere do?

A.The relatively small percentage of American workers who live in urban areas

B.The tendency of American employers to provide less training for workers

C.The recent decrease in mobility costs in the United States

D.The lower average population density in the United States

? ? ? 在這道細(xì)節(jié)題中，我們可以根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞 why American、more frequently than從上往下讀到but one possibility relates to the lower levels of company training received by American workers. Another possibility, however, is that the costs of mobility are lower in the United States這部分內(nèi)容判斷為該題答案，答案句可看到出現(xiàn)了兩對(duì)比較邏輯，AD均未涉及原答案句中的比較四要素。原句中為同一時(shí)間點(diǎn)下，比較對(duì)象為USA與其他國家，比較方面分別為training和costs，比較大小都是USA< 其他國家，那么在選項(xiàng)中的C選項(xiàng)是盡管出現(xiàn)了costs這個(gè)比較方面，但是可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的比較對(duì)象并非USA與其他國家，而是同一對(duì)象在不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的比較，由此可以判斷比較對(duì)象發(fā)生了變化，從而辨認(rèn)出該選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)中則保留了less training這個(gè)比較，且比較大小與原句一致，是USA與的國家做對(duì)比而非同一對(duì)象USA不同時(shí)間前后的對(duì)比，因此可以判斷B為正確選項(xiàng)。

? ? ? 所以，了解相應(yīng)的邏輯考點(diǎn)可以很快幫助考生識(shí)別出選項(xiàng)正誤，從而避開錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)選出正確項(xiàng)。
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