1.(2011上海春) I’m sure you will do better in the test because you _______ so hard this year.
A. studied B. had studied C. will study D. have been studying
答案：D
解析：“我肯定這次的考試你會(huì)考得更好，因?yàn)檫@一年里一一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)”。根據(jù)題干，努力學(xué)習(xí)是這一年中一直在做的事情，并且到目前為止還在學(xué)習(xí)；have been studying是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，指動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，到現(xiàn)在為止還為停止，故選擇D項(xiàng)。Studied是一般過去時(shí)，暗指現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了，指學(xué)習(xí)還未開始，不符合題意。

2.(2010江蘇) -- Why, Jack, you look so tired!
-- Well, I _______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting
答案：D
解析：“杰克，你為什么看起來如此疲憊？”“哦，我一直都在粉刷房子，并且我明天必須完成?！北绢}考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)采用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作一直在延續(xù)。A項(xiàng)為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示過去某時(shí)間或過去某階段內(nèi)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；B項(xiàng)為將來進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示將來某時(shí)刻動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；C項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，均不符合語境，可排除。

3.(2010陜西) I have to see the doctor because I _______ a lot lately.
A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough
答案：A
解析：“我得去看醫(yī)生，因?yàn)槲疫M(jìn)來一直都咳嗽得很厲害”。本題考查的是時(shí)態(tài)問題。根據(jù)句子中的lately，可知設(shè)空處表示現(xiàn)在的事情，故用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，排除BC兩項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，故被排除?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在且現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行。

4.(2010安徽) -- ?We’ve spent too much money recently.
-- Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives _______ around all the time.
A. are coming B. had come?C. were coming D. have been coming
答案：D
解析：“我們最近花了很多錢?！薄芭?，這不奇怪。我們的朋友和親戚最近不斷到我們家來?！北绢}考查時(shí)態(tài)。Have been coming是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，根據(jù)第一句中的have spent可知選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)最近一段時(shí)間的狀況，故選D，排除BC；而A是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，和句中的all the time矛盾，故排除。

5.(2010江西) Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _______ since her marriage to Father.
A. shoulders B. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering
答案：D
解析：“媽媽想做一個(gè)好的(家庭)供應(yīng)者，一個(gè)自從和父親結(jié)婚以來就一直承擔(dān)著的角色”。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。由since和題意可知本題應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

6.(2010遼寧) Joseph _______ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name” in Russian.
A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone
答案：A
解析：“Joseph從上個(gè)月就開始上夜校，但是他還不會(huì)用俄語說‘你叫什么名字’呢”。本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。從時(shí)間狀語“自從上個(gè)月開始”，可知需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又因?yàn)檎f話時(shí)他還在繼續(xù)上課，所有要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

7.(2010湖南) I’m tired out. I _______ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping
答案：D
解析：“我累極了。我整個(gè)下午一直都在購物，但似乎什么都沒做成。”本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干“I’m tired”中的am及all afternoon可知說話者說的是現(xiàn)在是事情，故排除AC兩項(xiàng)；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的組合，“進(jìn)行體”可用來表示說話者的態(tài)度，本句中用進(jìn)行體表示說話者抱怨的態(tài)度，故答案為D項(xiàng)。

8.(2010天津) We _______ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
答案：B
解析：“我們已經(jīng)連續(xù)做這個(gè)工程四個(gè)小時(shí)了，休息一下吧”。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境中“休息一下吧”可知工程尚未完成，又結(jié)合題干中的for four hours，可推知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

9.(2009遼寧) Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair __________ all day. Could you speak to her now?
A. phones B. has phoned C. has been phoning D. phoned
答案：C
解析：句意“打擾了，Marcia，一名Vanity Fair的記者打了一整天電話。你現(xiàn)在可以接他的電話嗎？”根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語all day可知，此句用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話人的一種情感，如：不滿，抱怨，責(zé)備等。注意：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到目前為止動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束，側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果。

10.(2009浙江) Over the past decades, sea ice __________ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased?C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
答案：C
解析：本題考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意“在過去幾十年里，由于全球變暖，北極的海冰一直在減少”。由時(shí)間狀語Over the past decades可知，主句只能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選C。

11.(2009山東) The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities __________ rising steadily since 1997.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
答案：C
解析：本題考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意“在中國(guó)上大學(xué)的外國(guó)留學(xué)生的數(shù)量自1997年以來穩(wěn)步上升”。由since 1997可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，The number of………的數(shù)量，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，故選C。

12.(2007湖南) Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she __________ English for a year.
A. studies B. studied?C. is studying D. has been studying
答案：D
解析：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去。根據(jù)所提供的情景和時(shí)間狀語for a year可判斷出要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作一直在延續(xù)著。

13.(2007江西) — I have got a headache.
— No wonder. You __________ in front of that computer too long.
A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked
答案：C
解析：根據(jù)所提供的情景“when I set to work with the scientist”可判斷出，由于在電腦前連續(xù)工作而造成了頭痛，故選C。