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Young Great White Shark Bite Isn't That Great

年幼大白鯊咬人不會太嚴重

They’re everyone’s worst nightmare when it comes to swimming in the ocean: great white sharks. That’s despite the fact that the number of fatal shark attacks annually can usually be counted on the fingers of one still attached hand. But a new study finds that until great whites get at least three meters long, they’re less [Jaws music] and more [gentle music]. Because a full-force bite could wind up hurting them.

大白鯊——這是每個海中暢游者最大的噩夢。盡管事實上，每年發(fā)生的致命的鯊魚攻擊屈指可數(shù)，人們依舊談鯊色變。一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在大白鯊兇殘。成長到三米之前，它們的溫柔大過兇殘。這是因為如果它們竭盡全力一口咬下去，恐怕會以讓自己受傷告終。

In research published in the Journal of Biomechanics [Stephen Wroe et al., article in press], scientists used 3-D computers models and advanced engineering techniques to study how sharks hunt and kill their food.

這項研究發(fā)表在《生物力學(xué)》雜志上，文中表明，科學(xué)家們利用3-D計算機模型和先進的工程技術(shù)來研究鯊魚是如何獵殺獵物的。

Great whites have jaws and teeth that are perfect for a powerful chomp on prey ranging from small fish to large marine mammals. But the researchers were surprised to find that a shark less than three meters long only looks like it could manage that killer bite. Because it hasn’t developed enough stiff, mineralized cartilage yet. A bite that would be lethal to a large marine mammal could damage the shark’s jaws.

從小型魚類到大型海洋哺乳動物，捕食這些獵物需要強壯有力的咬合力，大白鯊的顎跟齒對此而言堪稱完美。然而，研究人員驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)，體長小于三米的鯊魚僅僅是看上去兇巴巴，因為它們還沒有發(fā)育出擁有足夠剛性和礦化的軟骨，對一個大型海洋哺乳動物的致命一咬會損壞鯊魚自己的顎。

The finding may explain why the few shark attacks that do happen on people are rarely fatal—until it’s pretty big, the great white’s reputation is worse than its bite.

這一發(fā)現(xiàn)或許可以解釋為何一些人的確受到鯊魚攻擊卻極少致命——只要大白鯊的體型還不夠大，它咬下去的那一口就沒有它的名聲大。

—Cynthia Graber

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