ETS發(fā)布首款大型個人素質(zhì)測評系統(tǒng)
2009年7月9日，美國新澤西州普林斯頓市 — 美國教育考試服務(wù)中心 (ETS) 今天發(fā)布首款個人素質(zhì)評估工具——ETS?個人潛力指數(shù) (ETS? PPI)。今后，申請赴研究生院和商學院繼續(xù)深造的學生將可以使用該工具，獲取對其個人能力素質(zhì)更為全面的評估報告。ETS個人潛力指數(shù)是一套基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)開 發(fā)的邀請評估人員對申請人特定個人素質(zhì)進行評估的系統(tǒng)，這些特定素質(zhì)均被來自研究生院和商學院的院長與教師們公認為對于申請人是否能夠成功完成研究生學業(yè) 深造至關(guān)重要。?
The launch of ETS PPI marks the first large-scale use of noncognitive measures for admissions in higher education. Noncognitive or personal attributes — sometimes referred to as “soft skills” — are considered essential for academic success.
本次ETS個人潛力指數(shù)的發(fā)布標志著非認知素質(zhì)測試在高等教育招生中的首次大規(guī)模應(yīng)用。非認知素質(zhì)或個人素質(zhì)有時也被稱為“軟技能”，是個人取得學術(shù)成功
的核心能力之一。
The six personal attributes captured by ETS PPI are Knowledge and Creativity; Communication Skills; Teamwork; Resilience; Planning and Organisation; and Ethics and Integrity.
ETS個人潛力指數(shù)評估的6項個人素質(zhì)分別包括：“知識與創(chuàng)造力”、“溝通技巧”、“團隊合作能力”、“應(yīng)變能力”、“策劃和組織能力”與“道德與誠信度
”。
Based on more than a decade of research, ETS PPI was developed in response to requests from graduate deans and admissions professionals to address a need for noncognitive measures to evaluate applicants. The development and introduction of ETS PPI comes with the full support of the independent Graduate Record Examinations? (GRE?) Board.
ETS個人潛力指數(shù)是應(yīng)眾多研究生院院長和招生人員對于評估申請人員個人素質(zhì)的需求，在基于十余年的研究基礎(chǔ)上誕生的。獨立的研究生入學考試委員會 (GRE? Board) 對于ETS個人潛力指數(shù)的開發(fā)與推廣給與了鼎力支持。
Michael L. Jeffries, Associate Dean of Students at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, and Director of McNair Scholars & Minority Student Affairs, says ETS PPI will help identify candidates that might otherwise have been missed, while expanding opportunities for a diverse range of students. The McNair scholars programme is a United States’ national initiative aimed at increasing the number of first-generation, low-income and/or underrepresented students in Ph.D. programmes.
伊利諾伊大學厄本那——香檳分校學生事務(wù)副院長兼麥克奈爾學者項目（McNair Scholars）與少數(shù)族裔學生事務(wù)總監(jiān)Michael L. Jeffries表示：“ETS個人潛力指數(shù)將幫助校方發(fā)掘有可能錯過的申請人，同時為背景各不相同的學生提供了更多的機會。麥克奈爾學者項目是受美國政府資助的全國性項目，旨在幫助那些來自父母沒有上過大學或低收入家庭等弱勢群體的學生，提高他們成功入選博士生研究項目的機會。”
?
“The graduate community needs to continue to reduce barriers to graduate education and allow more underrepresented scholars to join the ranks of the professoriate,” explains Jeffries. “To the extent that the ETS PPI will broaden opportunities for students, it is something that I strongly support.”?
Jeffries進一步指出：“研究生院需要繼續(xù)降低研究生教育的門檻，允許更多學者加入教授的行列。就此而言，ETS個人潛力指數(shù)將為學生們帶來更多機會，我對ETS個人潛力指數(shù)表示熱烈歡迎?！?/p>
ETS PPI has been piloted for the past three years through the National Hispanic Research Center’s Project 1000, a programme based at the University of Arizona that seeks to increase the number of underrepresented students in US graduate schools. ETS PPI also was successfully used during this time by ETS for selecting candidates for its summer intern programme.?
ETS個人潛力指數(shù)在過去三年中一直在美國拉美研究中心 (National Hispanic Research Center) 通過“1000工程”進行試點測試。“1000工程”在亞利桑那大學開展，旨在加強和優(yōu)化美國研究生院招生結(jié)構(gòu)。此外，ETS還成功應(yīng)用個人潛力指數(shù)完成了ETS本年度暑期實習生候選人的遴選工作。
According to David G. Payne, Ph.D., Vice President and COO in the ETS Higher Education & School Assessments Division, research indicates that achievement gaps that exist in standardised tests do not exist in noncognitive measures, which is why ETS PPI is seen as a tool that may help to level the playing field for students seeking graduate and professional degrees, such as an MBA.
ETS高等教育與學校測評部副總裁兼首席運營官David G. Payne博士表示：“研究顯示，在標準化測試中存在的成績差距問題不會在非認知測試中出現(xiàn)，這就是為什么人們相信ETS個人潛力指數(shù)能夠幫助不同學生在同一條起跑線上公平競爭獲取研究生教育和諸如MBA等專業(yè)深造的機會?！?
“Solid GRE scores and undergraduate grades are very important, but they don’t provide the complete picture of a candidate’s potential,” says Payne. “We’ve known for some time, thanks to research and anecdotal evidence, that qualities like resilience and teamwork were indicators of success in graduate school. The problem was how to measure them effectively. But now, with the introduction of ETS PPI, we have a tool that allows for accurate and valid measures of these critical personal attributes.”
Payne指出：“優(yōu)秀的GRE分數(shù)和本科成績固然重要，但他們無法提供有關(guān)申請人潛力的完整信息。通過各種研究和信息渠道，我們早已獲知類似“應(yīng)變”和“團隊合作”等素質(zhì)是個人能否在研究生教育中取得成功的重要指標，但問題是如何有效地評估這些指標？現(xiàn)在，隨著ETS個人潛力指數(shù)的引入，我們終于擁有了能夠?qū)@些重要的個人素質(zhì)做出準確有效評估的工具。”
Students who have registered for the GRE General Test starting May 1, 2009 will have the option of using ETS PPI and sending up to four ETS PPI evaluation reports at no additional cost. ETS PPI is not exclusive to GRE registrants. It is available to past GRE test takers and others for a fee of USD 20 per report.
2009年5月1日及之后參加GRE普通考試的考生均可選擇免費參加ETS 個人潛力指數(shù)測試，并申請寄送不超過4份《ETS 個人潛力指數(shù)報告》。而對于以往GRE考生和非GRE考生，每份《ETS個人潛力指數(shù)報告》需收取20美元。
How it Works
如何使用ETS個人潛力指數(shù)工具
* Student creates an ETS PPI profile online
* 申請人首先需要登陸ETS網(wǎng)站，在線創(chuàng)建ETS個人潛力指數(shù)帳戶，網(wǎng)址為：。
* Student provides contact information for up to 25 evaluators - typically instructors, department heads, academic advisors, research supervisors, committee member, or employers - he or she would like to complete an ETS PPI evaluation
* 由申請人自行提供不超過25位評估人員的聯(lián)系方式。可邀請的評估人員通常包括申請人所在院系的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、教職人員、學術(shù)或研究導(dǎo)師、相關(guān)委員會成員或者申請人的雇主等。這些評估人員將愿意協(xié)助完成一份ETS 個人潛力指數(shù)評估。
* ETS sends an e-mail to each evaluator inviting them to access the ETS PPI system to complete the student’s evaluation
* ETS向每位評估人員發(fā)送電子郵件邀請他們進入ETS個人潛力指數(shù)系統(tǒng)以完成對申請人的評估。
* Evaluators log in to the system and respond to a series of statements to rate the student on the six personal attributes and to provide an overall rating of the student
* 評估人員登錄系統(tǒng)后，將根據(jù)一系列描述針對申請人的6項個人素質(zhì)打分，并給出有關(guān)申請人素質(zhì)的綜合評價。
* Student is notified when each evaluation has been completed
* 每完成一份評估，申請人都將及時獲得通知。
* Student then chooses the schools to which the evaluations will be sent
* 申請人選擇希望寄送評估報告的學校。
* ETS creates an evaluation report, and sends it to the institutions designated by the student
* ETS生成《ETS 個人潛力指數(shù)報告》，并將其寄往申請人指定的學校。報告樣本可在ETS個人潛力指數(shù)網(wǎng)站上下載。
