KWL is intended to be an exercise for a study group or class that can guide you in reading and understanding a text.
KWL是一種閱讀練習(xí)，旨在為學(xué)習(xí)小組或班級(jí)成員在閱讀和理解文本的過(guò)程中提供指導(dǎo)。

It is composed of only three stages that reflect?a worksheet of three columns with the three letters：
其由三個(gè)階段組成，如下表所示：

What we?Know
所知
What we?Want to know
想知
What we?Learned
所學(xué)
? ? ?

◆K stands for Know
K代表了解

This first stage may surprise you:
第一階段或許會(huì)讓你感到驚訝：

Think first about, then list, what you know about the topic before reading!
開(kāi)始閱讀之前先想一想關(guān)于這個(gè)主題你了解多少，然后列出來(lái)！

This advanced organizer provides you with a background to the new material, building a scaffold to support it.
在這里你將獲得新的背景材料， 從而構(gòu)建支架予以支撐。

Think of it as a pre-reading inventory.
閱讀前你還需要做的：

·Brainstorm!
頭腦風(fēng)暴！

Before looking at the text, think of keywords, terms, or phrases about the topic, either in your class or a study group.
在看文本之前，小組或班級(jí)成員之間想一想關(guān)于該主題的關(guān)鍵詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)。

·Record these in the K column of your chart until you cannot think of more.
把你所想到的全部記在表格的K欄里。

·Engage your group in a discussion about what you wrote in the K column.
根據(jù)K欄所填內(nèi)容小組成員間展開(kāi)討論。

·Organize the entries into general categories.
將條目整理分類(lèi)。

◆W stands for Will or Want
W代表意愿

The second stage is to list a series of questions of what you want to know more of the subject, based upon what you listed in K.
第二階段，根據(jù)K欄的內(nèi)容，羅列出一系列關(guān)于這個(gè)主題你還想了解的問(wèn)題。

·Preview the text’s table of contents, headings, pictures, charts etc. Discuss what you want to learn
預(yù)覽文本的目錄、標(biāo)題、圖片、表格等，就你想學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行討論。

·List some thoughts on what you want, or expect to learn, generally or specifically. Think in terms of what you will learn, or what do you want to learn about this.
就你想學(xué)習(xí)或期待了解的內(nèi)容，把你的想法大體或詳細(xì)地寫(xiě)下來(lái)。

·Turn all sentences into questions before writing them down. They will help you focus your attention during reading.
寫(xiě)的時(shí)候轉(zhuǎn)換成問(wèn)句。這在你閱讀的時(shí)候會(huì)幫助你集中注意力。

·List the questions by importance.
根據(jù)問(wèn)題的重要性有次序的羅列出來(lái)。

◆L stands for Learned
L代表所學(xué)

The final stage is to answer your questions, as well as to list what new information you have learned. Either while reading or after you have finished.
最后階段就是在閱讀過(guò)程中或閱讀結(jié)束后回答你的問(wèn)題以及列出你所了解到的新信息。

·List out what you learn as you read, either by section, or after the whole work, whichever is comfortable for you.
在閱讀過(guò)程中列出你所了解到的內(nèi)容。

·Check it against the W column, what you wanted to learn.
對(duì)照W欄。

·Create symbols to indicate main ideas, surprising ideas, questionable ideas, and those you don’t understand!
針對(duì)觀點(diǎn)，主要的，意想不到的，存疑的以及不理解的，創(chuàng)造出一些符號(hào)來(lái)表示！

◆Expand this exercise beyond K W L:
擴(kuò)展練習(xí)：

Add an H!
加一個(gè)H

Stands for HOW you can learn more.
即你怎么樣才能學(xué)到更多。

·Pose new questions about the topic
就該主題提出一些問(wèn)題。

·How can I learn more or answer questions not answered in my worksheet. These include other sources of information, including:? organizations, experts, tutors, websites, librarians, etc.
我怎樣才能學(xué)到更多或回答表中未回答的問(wèn)題。這些包括其它信息來(lái)源：機(jī)構(gòu)組織，專(zhuān)家，導(dǎo)師，網(wǎng)站，圖書(shū)館等。

◆5 W's and an H
5個(gè)W和一個(gè)H

Another reading strategy is to answer the questions that form the basis of good journalism:
另一個(gè)閱讀策略是回答以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題常用于記者報(bào)道。

Who What When Where Why and How
人物，事件，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，過(guò)程

·Who are the main characters?
主要人物是誰(shuí)？

·What does the author say happened?
作者闡述了什么？

·Where did the action occur?
事情是在哪里發(fā)生的？

·When did it happen or what is the span of time?
事情是什么時(shí)候或時(shí)間段發(fā)生的？

·Why did this happen?
事情發(fā)生的原因是什么？

·How did it happen?
事情是怎樣發(fā)生的？