單項(xiàng)填空做題技巧——還原法 高考一些單項(xiàng)選擇題的測(cè)試點(diǎn)本來(lái)十分簡(jiǎn)單，但命題者有意把題干復(fù)雜，改寫(xiě)為一個(gè)少見(jiàn)或陌生的結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)于這類(lèi)題，我們可以反其道而行之，把題干還原為自己熟悉的結(jié)構(gòu)，這樣題目就會(huì)變得簡(jiǎn)單，答案就會(huì)一目了然，具體來(lái)說(shuō)，可采用以下幾種方法：

一、將倒裝句改成陳述句由于倒裝句的使用，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)變得陌生，對(duì)于這類(lèi)題，可將題干還原成一個(gè)陳述句。。如：
Who did the teacher _______ an article for the school newspaper?
A. has write???????? B. has written??????? C. have write??????? D. have written
【分析】把本題題干改成陳述句，則應(yīng)是： The teacher had who write an article for the school newspaper. 這樣我們一眼就可以看出答案為C。測(cè)試的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是使役動(dòng)詞have的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用省去to 的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用省去的動(dòng)詞不定式，表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

二、將陳述句改為倒裝句我們首次接觸時(shí)是一個(gè)倒裝句，而命題者恰恰是有意地使用陳述句來(lái)命題。如：：
We had _______ left home than it began to rain
A. no sooner????????? B. hardly???????????? C. almost????????????? D. nearly
【分析】no sooner...than是一個(gè)大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知識(shí)點(diǎn)時(shí)，命題者卻使用了一個(gè)陳述句。如果把題干改成：_______ had we left home than it began to rain，這道題的答案A也就變得十分清楚了。

?三、將從句或插入語(yǔ)去掉命題者有意地在一個(gè)句子中間插入一個(gè)從句或插入語(yǔ)，造成主謂隔離。如果將題干中的從句或插入語(yǔ)去掉，題干就會(huì)變得很簡(jiǎn)單。如：
The person we spoke to ___no answer at first.
A. make? B .making? C. makes?? D. made
分析；可以看出we spoke to是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。將其去掉后，我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)句子少了一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。故本題選用D。

四、將被動(dòng)句改為主動(dòng)句由于被動(dòng)句的使用，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)于主動(dòng)句來(lái)說(shuō)就沒(méi)有那么清楚。我們?nèi)绻麑⑵涓臑橹鲃?dòng)句，這類(lèi)題就會(huì)變得清楚的多。如：
Time should be made good use of ________our lessons well.
A. learning???????????? B. learned??????????????? C. to learn?????????????? D. learns
【分析】將題干改寫(xiě)為主動(dòng)句則：We should make good use of time _______our lesson well?？梢园l(fā)現(xiàn)介詞of有其相應(yīng)的賓語(yǔ)，其后不能再用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)。答案是C。

?五、將省略句改為完整的句子省略句使考生不易看清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)于這類(lèi)試題，可恢復(fù)被省略的成分，使句子的結(jié)構(gòu)變得明朗，進(jìn)而選擇合適的答案。如：
—How long has China been open to the world? —_______1979.
A. After????????????????? B. In??????????????????????? C. Since????????????????? D. From
【分析】將答語(yǔ)部分改為一個(gè)完整的句子：China has been open to the world since 1979. 在所給的選項(xiàng)中只有since能和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。故答案為C。。?

六、將強(qiáng)調(diào)句的it be和that去掉還原成一個(gè)單句
It was in the small house _______ was built with stone by his father _______ he spent his childhood.
A. which , that?????????? B. that , which??????? , which??????? D. that ,where
【分析】可將題干還原成一個(gè)陳述句:He spent his childhood in the small house which was built with stone by his father. 故答案為A。

七、將疑問(wèn)句還原為陳述句Is this book _______ you have been looking for all the time﹖
A. that???????????????????? B. one????????????????????? C. the one???????????????? D. it
【分析】首先把疑問(wèn)句還原成陳述句，題干即為T(mén)his book is _______ you have been looking for all the time.容易看出該題是一個(gè)缺少表語(yǔ)且含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。不難看出，定語(yǔ)從句you have been looking for all the time修飾的先行詞是主句的表語(yǔ)，而選項(xiàng)中只有the one符合要求。故答案為C。

八、將固定短語(yǔ)還原
That was _______we had in Beijing 13 years ago!
A. wonderful time? B. a wonderful time???? C. wonderful????????????? D. wonderfully
【分析】在某些復(fù)合句中，被修飾的先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)。此句可還原為：We had a wonderful timeii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi- in Beijing 13 years ago.可看出該復(fù)合句中有一固定搭配had a wonderful time(玩得愉快)，定語(yǔ)從句中省略了關(guān)系代詞that，故答案為B。

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