Sentence Translation

1. The average age of people in the countryside is increasing, while that of the cities is falling. More old people stay in the countryside than young people and the opposite is true in the cities.

譯文： 農(nóng)村人口的平均年齡正處于上升趨勢(shì), 而在城市卻正好相反。原因是在農(nóng)村老年人要比年輕人多，城市正好相反。

解析：本句難度適中，只需要按照句子的邏輯順序?qū)⒕渥有畔㈥惲谐鰜砑纯?。此外，本句無明顯生詞。

2. One important reason for the move to cities has to do with quality of life issues: comfort and convenience. For example, most of us would like our children to receive the better education, and cities often offer better schools.

譯文：“進(jìn)城熱”與生活水平問題息息相關(guān)。人們向往城市舒適方便的生活。就像我們大部分人都想子女能夠接收到更好的教育，而城市通常就有教育質(zhì)量更好的學(xué)校。

解析：在做本句翻譯時(shí)需要注意在前半句適當(dāng)?shù)卦鲎g一些信息，如在comfort and convenience 處需要加上move to the cities的主語(yǔ)“人們”。后半句難度不大，直譯即可。

3. Most burglars are opportunist, looking for an easier break-in. So don’t make things simply for them. Don’t advertise the fact that you are out or away, or be careless about security.

譯文：大部分的竊賊都是投機(jī)分子，他們會(huì)尋找最方便快捷的“翻墻入室”的機(jī)會(huì)。所以不要給他們可乘之機(jī)。不要嚷嚷著讓別人都知道你不在家，也不要太馬虎大意而忽略了安全問題。

解析：本句句型不復(fù)雜，需要注意幾個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的譯法，如opportunist本來是“機(jī)會(huì)主義者”，在這里用于形容 burglars身上，需要相應(yīng)地翻譯成貶義詞“投機(jī)分子”；此外，don’t make things simply for them可以用成語(yǔ)“可乘之機(jī)”概括，這些需要同學(xué)平時(shí)多做翻譯練習(xí)積累，在會(huì)在臨考時(shí)馬上反應(yīng)出來。

4. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and the University of Iceland said ash particles from the early part of the volcanic eruption are especially abrasive, posing a possible threat to aircraft engines.

譯文：來自哥本哈根大學(xué)和冰島大學(xué)的研究者們表示早些時(shí)候火山爆發(fā)遺留的火山灰摩擦度非常高。這可能對(duì)飛機(jī)的引擎產(chǎn)生威脅。

解析：本句句型簡(jiǎn)單，但生詞較多，需要考生抓注意些重點(diǎn)詞匯理解。如：volcanic eruption 是表示“火山爆發(fā)”， abrasive 表示“磨損的”。考生在遇到不會(huì)的單詞時(shí)也不用過于慌張，一般句子中包含大量專業(yè)詞匯句意都比較簡(jiǎn)單，可憑上下文進(jìn)行推測(cè)。

5. Lack of sanitation leads to wide spread of contamination of drinking water. Recent statistics say water-associated infectious diseases claim up to 3.2million lives each year, approximately 6 percent all death globally.

譯文：不注意環(huán)境衛(wèi)生會(huì)導(dǎo)致飲用水大規(guī)模受污染。近期的數(shù)據(jù)顯示與飲用水有關(guān)的可傳染性疾病每年可導(dǎo)致320萬(wàn)人失去生命，這個(gè)數(shù)字接近每年全球死亡人數(shù)的6%。

解析： 本句的主題是高口中?？嫉沫h(huán)境問題，全句無復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，考生需要保證數(shù)字聽譯的準(zhǔn)確性。本句中有出現(xiàn)兩處數(shù)字，要求考生掌握數(shù)字速記的方法。
contamination : 污染
infectious : 傳染的，有傳染性的
approximately : 大約

Passage translation 1

Mass urbanization of the world’s population is an unprecedented trend worldwide. The most important reason why people are moving to cities is economic. People are moving to the cities because that’s where they can find jobs and earn money. Until the 20th century, the major source of employment, full and part-time, was farming. Now, according to recent statistics, no more than 15 percent of all jobs are connected to farming. Jobs now are being created in information technology, manufacturing and service areas, such as tourism and financing, and all of these new jobs are in or around major cities.
譯文：世界人口大規(guī)模的城市化在世界范圍內(nèi)達(dá)到史無前例的規(guī)模。驅(qū)使人們不斷涌向城市的最重要原因是經(jīng)濟(jì)因素。人們都涌向城市是因?yàn)樵诔抢锟梢哉业焦ぷ骱蛼?錢。在20世紀(jì)以前，就業(yè)的主要途徑，不管是全職還是兼職，一直都是農(nóng)耕。而現(xiàn)在，根據(jù)最近的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，只有不到15%的工作是和農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的。越來越多的 工作產(chǎn)生于信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、制造業(yè)和服務(wù)行業(yè)，如旅游業(yè)和融資，而所有這些新興工作都在大城市及其周邊地區(qū)。

評(píng)析：本題是高口熱點(diǎn)話題“城市化”，在07年9月的高口NTGF部分也涉及到過城市化的問題，前一題的句子翻譯 S2也提到了“人們搬進(jìn)大城市的原因，是追求高品質(zhì)的生活”，而這里主要圍繞工作展開?？疾樵~匯都在大綱范圍內(nèi)，像urbanization, manufacturing等都屬于常見熱詞，考生在平時(shí)對(duì)這些詞匯有所積累，翻譯起來并不難。相對(duì)passage 2, 這段話稍微有點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)，這也提醒考生注意平時(shí)多練習(xí)聽寫記筆記，熟悉常考話題，這樣在考試時(shí)才能拿高分。

Passage translation 2

Crime control is a pretty complex question, the first step, of course, is deterrence to stop people from committing crime in the first place. That involves the economy.? Are there enough jobs for everyone? There should be. And social structure, are there enough support system? And so on. When people are convicted, and put in prison, then the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons. So they want person comes out, they don’t return to a life of crime. If the education program and drug treatment program have been cut, convicted criminals are not being reformed.
譯文：如何控制犯罪率是一個(gè)十分復(fù)雜的問題。首先，當(dāng)然要防止犯罪行為的發(fā)生。包括從經(jīng)濟(jì)方面來說，是否有足夠的工作提供給所有人？這個(gè)是應(yīng)該要保證的；從 社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)來說，是否有足夠的社會(huì)保障體系？等等。而一旦人們犯了罪，被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄了，那么監(jiān)獄里就需要有改造計(jì)劃，可以讓這些人出獄之后，不再回到犯罪生 涯。如果停掉教育計(jì)劃和毒品治療方案，那就無法對(duì)這些犯人就行改造了。

評(píng)析：本篇段落翻譯選自2008年春季高口的聽力原文，這就暗示了廣大口譯考生，歷年的聽力原文等材料是平時(shí)訓(xùn)練的重要資源，平時(shí)多積累，考試的時(shí)候方可胸有成竹。

本篇段落關(guān)注的是一個(gè)常見的社會(huì)問題——如何控制犯罪率。段落給出了兩點(diǎn)建議，一個(gè)是要防患未然；二是在對(duì)犯人實(shí)施改造計(jì)劃。內(nèi)容對(duì)考生來說應(yīng)該并不陌生，語(yǔ)速也較為平緩，作為兩段翻譯的的第二段，在難度上是可以接受的。

本段詞匯較為常見。注意deterrence，意是“威懾，制止”，這里考生也可將名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為動(dòng)詞，譯為“防止犯罪行為的發(fā)生”；另外，convict這個(gè)單詞意為“判…有罪”，convicted criminals指“囚犯，犯人”。

段落的句子結(jié)構(gòu)較為簡(jiǎn)單?？忌恍枳⒁膺@個(gè)長(zhǎng)句：When people are convicted, and put into prison, the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons, so that when the person comes out, they don't return to a life of crime. 這個(gè)句子雖長(zhǎng)，但只要理解語(yǔ)義，理清分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如when引導(dǎo)的是從句，the goal 后面的內(nèi)容是主句，so that作的是目的狀語(yǔ)。劃分好結(jié)構(gòu)，再按句子本身的語(yǔ)序進(jìn)行翻譯就可以了。

總體而言，本篇英譯中難度適中，主題也不偏頗另類，考生在平時(shí)注意對(duì)社會(huì)問題的積累，多進(jìn)行真題練習(xí)，把握好時(shí)間和心態(tài)，相信會(huì)順利完成翻譯。