(四)加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式?
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4. Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development
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解決發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題，關鍵在于加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，推進經(jīng)濟結構戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，這既是一個長期過程，也是當前最緊迫的任務。
The key to solving the problems of imbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development is to accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and carry out strategic adjustment of the economic restructure. This is both a long-term task and our most pressing task at present.

促進產(chǎn)業(yè)結構優(yōu)化升級。推動戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展。建立促進新能源利用的機制，加強統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、項目配套、政策引導，擴大國內(nèi)需求，制止太陽 能、風電等產(chǎn)業(yè)盲目擴張。發(fā)展新一代信息技術，加強網(wǎng)絡基礎設施建設，推動三網(wǎng)融合取得實質(zhì)性進展。大力發(fā)展高端裝備制造、節(jié)能環(huán)保、生物醫(yī)藥、新能源汽 車、新材料等產(chǎn)業(yè)。擴大技改專項資金規(guī)模，促進傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造升級。
We will improve and upgrade the industrial structure. We will promote the sound development of strategic emerging industries. We will accelerate the establishment of mechanisms that promote the use of new energy sources; strengthen overall planning, auxiliary projects and policy guidance; and expand domestic demand. We will prevent blind expansion in our capacity to manufacture solar energy and wind power equipment. We will develop next-generation information technology, strengthen network infrastructure, and make substantive progress in integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet. We will energetically develop the high-end equipment manufacturing, energy conservation, environmental protection, biopharmaceuticals, new-energy vehicles, and new materials industries. We will increase funding for technological upgrading projects, and press ahead with the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.?

以汽車、鋼鐵、造船、水泥等行業(yè)為重點，控制增量，優(yōu)化存量，推動企業(yè)兼并重組，提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和規(guī)模效益。落實并完善促進小型微型企業(yè)發(fā)展的 政策，進一步減輕企業(yè)負擔，激發(fā)科技型小型微型企業(yè)發(fā)展活力。實施有利于服務業(yè)發(fā)展的財稅、金融政策，支持社會資本進入服務業(yè)，促進服務業(yè)發(fā)展提速、比重 提高、水平提升。
We will control increases in production capacity, improve existing production facilities, encourage enterprise mergers and reorganizations, and increase industrial concentration and economies of scale, with the focus on the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, and cement industries. We will implement and improve policies to promote the growth of small and micro businesses, further reduce burdens on enterprises, and promote the vibrant growth of small and micro high-tech enterprises. We will implement fiscal, taxation, and financial policies that facilitate the development of the service sector and encourage nongovernmental investment in this sector, in order to promote faster development of the sector, increase its share in the economy, and facilitate its upgrading.

推進節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護。節(jié)能減排的關鍵是節(jié)約能源，提高能效，減少污染。要抓緊制定出臺合理控制能源消費總量工作方案，加快理順能源價格 體系。綜合運用經(jīng)濟、法律和必要的行政手段，突出抓好工業(yè)、交通、建筑、公共機構、居民生活等重點領域和千家重點耗能企業(yè)節(jié)能減排，進一步淘汰落后產(chǎn)能。 加強用能管理，發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)和分布式能源，實施節(jié)能發(fā)電調(diào)度、合同能源管理、政府節(jié)能采購等行之有效的管理方式。
We will conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the ecological environment. The key to conserving energy and reducing emissions is to save energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce pollution. We will promptly formulate and promulgate a work plan for appropriately controlling total energy consumption, and move quickly to base the energy pricing system on the market. We will use economic, legal, and the necessary administrative means to conserve energy and reduce emissions in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, construction, public institutions, and people's homes, and in 1,000 key energy-intensive enterprises; and close down more outdated production facilities. We will tighten supervision of energy use, develop smart power grids and ensure the proper distribution of energy supplies, and implement effective administrative practices such as efficient electricity generation and distribution, energy performance contracting, and government procurement of energy-efficient goods and services.

優(yōu)化能源結構，推動傳統(tǒng)能源清潔高效利用，安全高效發(fā)展核電，積極發(fā)展水電，加快頁巖氣勘查、開發(fā)攻關，提高新能源和可再生能源比重。加強能源 通道建設。深入貫徹節(jié)約資源和保護環(huán)境基本國策。開展節(jié)能認證和能效標識監(jiān)督檢查，鼓勵節(jié)能、節(jié)水、節(jié)地、節(jié)材和資源綜合利用，大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟。加強環(huán) 境保護，著力解決重金屬、飲用水源、大氣、土壤、海洋污染等關系民生的突出環(huán)境問題。努力減少農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染。嚴格監(jiān)管危險化學品。
We will optimize the energy structure, promote clean and efficient use of traditional energy, safely and effectively develop nuclear power, actively develop hydroelectric power, tackle key problems more quickly in the exploration and development of shale gas, and increase the share of new energy and renewable energy in total energy consumption. We will step up the construction of energy transportation routes. We will thoroughly implement the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment. We will carry out certification of energy-efficient products and oversight and inspection of energy efficiency labeling; encourage economical use of energy, water, land, and materials as well as comprehensive use of resources; and vigorously develop a circular economy. We will strengthen environmental protection; strive to solve major environmental problems that directly affect people's lives, such as heavy metals, drinking water sources, air, soil, and marine pollution; reduce pollution from non-point agricultural sources; and put hazardous chemicals under strict oversight and supervision.?

今年在京津冀、長三角、珠三角等重點區(qū)域以及直轄市和省會城市開展細顆粒物(PM2.5)等項目監(jiān)測，2015年覆蓋所有地級以上城市。推進生 態(tài)建設，促進生態(tài)保護和修復，鞏固天然林保護、退耕還林還草、退牧還草成果，加強草原生態(tài)建設，大力開展植樹造林，推進荒漠化、石漠化、坡耕地治理，嚴格 保護江河源、濕地、湖泊等重要生態(tài)功能區(qū)。加強適應氣候變化特別是應對極端氣候事件能力建設，提高防災減災能力。堅持共同但有區(qū)別的責任原則和公平原則， 建設性推動應對氣候變化國際談判進程。我們要用行動昭告世界，中國絕不靠犧牲生態(tài)環(huán)境和人民健康來換取經(jīng)濟增長，我們一定能走出一條生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、 生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路。
We will start monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and other key areas as well as in municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities, and extend the practice to all cities at and above the prefectural level by 2015. We will improve the ecology, establish a sound system of compensation for ecological damage, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, and consolidate achievements in protecting virgin forests, turning vulnerable farmland into forests and grasslands, and stopping grazing to let grasslands recover. We will strengthen grassland ecological conservation; vigorously carry out afforestation; make progress in dealing with desertification and stony deserts and in improving terraced farmland; and strictly protect river sources, wetlands, lakes, and other priority functional ecological zones. We will strengthen capacity building to adapt to climate change, and especially to respond to extreme climate events, and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters. We will uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of fairness, and play a constructive role in promoting international talks on climate change. We will show the world with our actions that China will never seek economic growth at the expense of its ecological environment and public health. We are definitely capable of taking a path of civilized development which ensures that production increases, people's living standards rise, and we live in a good ecological environment.

促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃，充分發(fā)揮各地特色和優(yōu)勢，進一步提高區(qū)域發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和基本公共服務均等化水 平。認真落實西部大開發(fā)新10年的政策措施，加大實施中部地區(qū)崛起戰(zhàn)略的力度，加快推進東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興，積極支持東部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、在更高層次 上參與國際競爭與合作。要加大對革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)的扶持力度。
We will enhance balanced economic development among regions. We will implement the master strategy for regional development and the plan for developing functional zones, give full play to the distinctive strengths of each region, better coordinate development among regions, and make delivery of basic public services more equitable. We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures for the large-scale development of the western region in the new decade, work even harder to implement the strategy for the rise of the central region, more quickly revitalize the old industrial bases in northeast China, and actively support the eastern region in transforming its economy and participating in international competition and cooperation at a higher level. We will increase support to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poverty-stricken areas.?

更好地發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津濱海新區(qū)在改革開放中先行先試的重要作用。制定和實施海洋發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進海洋經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。加強和完善跨區(qū)域合作機制，消除市場壁壘，促進要素流動，引導產(chǎn)業(yè)有序轉(zhuǎn)移，推動區(qū)域經(jīng)濟良性互動、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
We will encourage special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai, and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin to better play their role of leading the way and exploring new paths in reform and opening up. We will formulate and implement a strategy for marine development, and promote the development of the marine economy. We will strengthen and improve inter-regional cooperation mechanisms, remove market barriers, facilitate the flow of factors of production, guide the orderly transfer of industries, and promote mutually reinforcing and coordinated economic development among regions.

積極穩(wěn)妥推進城鎮(zhèn)化。要遵循城市發(fā)展規(guī)律，從各地實際出發(fā)，促進大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。根據(jù)資源環(huán)境和人口承載能力，優(yōu)化全國生產(chǎn)力布 局，形成合理的城鎮(zhèn)體系和與國土規(guī)模、資源分布、發(fā)展?jié)摿ο噙m應的人口布局。各類城市都要夯實經(jīng)濟基礎，創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會，完善基礎設施，改善人居環(huán)境，加強 管理服務，提升城鎮(zhèn)化質(zhì)量和水平。
We will actively yet prudently promote urbanization. We will promote the coordinated development of large, medium-sized, and small cities as well as small towns in light of local conditions and in accordance with the laws governing urban development. On the basis of the carrying capacity of China's resources, environment and population, we will improve the distribution of the productive forces across the country, develop cities and towns rationally, and ensure that the geographical distribution of the population is suited to land availability, resources distribution, and development potential. We will strengthen the economic foundation and create job opportunities in all cities, improve their infrastructure and living environment, strengthen urban management and services, and raise the quality and level of urbanization.?

更加注重把在城鎮(zhèn)穩(wěn)定就業(yè)和居住的農(nóng)民工有序轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌擎?zhèn)居民；放寬中小城市落戶條件，合理引導人口流向，讓更多農(nóng)村富余勞動力就近轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。加 強對農(nóng)民工的人文關懷和服務，著力解決農(nóng)民工在就業(yè)服務、社會保障、子女入園上學、住房租購等方面的實際問題，逐步將城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務覆蓋到農(nóng)民工。關愛 留守兒童、留守婦女和留守老人。讓農(nóng)民無論進城還是留鄉(xiāng)，都能安居樂業(yè)、幸福生活。
We will give higher priority to registering rural migrant workers with stable jobs and permanent homes in cities or towns as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner. We will relax eligibility for registering as urban households in small and medium-sized cities, guide the rational flow of the population, and enable more surplus rural workers to find nonagricultural employment in nearby towns and cities. We should care more deeply for rural migrant workers and provide more services to them; resolve difficulties they have in securing employment services, obtaining social security benefits, getting their children enrolled in preschools and schools, and renting or purchasing homes; and gradually extend to them basic public services that are available to urban residents. We will take care of children, women and old people who are left behind by rural migrant workers who work in cities. We will enable rural residents to enjoy a happy life whether they go to the city or stay in the countryside.

(五)深入實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略和人才強國戰(zhàn)略
5. Thoroughly implementing the strategies of developing China through science and education and strengthening the country through human resource development

大力發(fā)展科技、教育事業(yè)，培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)的人才隊伍，是國家強盛、民族復興的必由之路。
To make China prosperous and strong and achieve the revival of the Chinese nation, we need to vigorously develop science, technology, and education and create a high-quality talent pool.

堅持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。中央財政已按全國財政性教育經(jīng)費支出占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的4%編制預算，地方財政也要相應安排，確保實現(xiàn)這一目標。教育經(jīng)費要突 出保障重點，加強薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，提高使用效益。深入推進教育體制改革，全面實施素質(zhì)教育，逐步解決考試招生、教育教學等方面的突出問題。推進學校民主管理，逐步形成制度。
We will continue to give high priority to developing education. The central government has already prepared its budget to meet the requirement that government spending on education accounts for 4% of China's GDP, and local governments should act accordingly to ensure that this target is reached. Funds for education must be used to meet the funding requirements in key areas and strengthen weak links so that they yield better results. We will deepen reform of the educational system, extensively implement well-rounded education, and gradually resolve major problems in examination and enrollment, and in education and teaching. We will carry forward and gradually institutionalize democratic school management.

促進義務教育均衡發(fā)展，資源配置要向中西部、農(nóng)村、邊遠、民族地區(qū)和城市薄弱學校傾斜。繼續(xù)花大氣力推動解決擇校、入園等人民群眾關心的熱點難點問 題。農(nóng)村中小學布局要因地制宜，處理好提高教育質(zhì)量和方便孩子們就近上學的關系。辦好農(nóng)村寄宿學校，實施好農(nóng)村義務教育學生營養(yǎng)改善計劃。加強校車安全管 理，確保孩子們的人身安全。加強學前教育、繼續(xù)教育和特殊教育，建設現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系，辦好民族教育。
We will promote the balanced development of compulsory education and give preference to schools in the central and western regions, rural areas, remote areas, and ethnic minority areas, and to weak urban schools when allocating resources. We will continue to make great efforts to ease contentious issues of great concern to the people, including paying to enroll one's children in better schools and the shortage of preschools. We will arrange the location of rural primary and secondary schools in light of local conditions, and ensure there is a proper balance between improving the quality of education and placing schools closer to children. We will run rural boarding schools well, and implement the plan for improving nutrition for rural students receiving compulsory education. We will enhance school bus and campus safety to ensure children's safety. We will strengthen preschool, continuing and special education, develop a modern vocational education system, and do a good job educating ethnic minority students.

高等教育要與經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展和國家戰(zhàn)略需要緊密結合，提高教育質(zhì)量和創(chuàng)新能力。完善國家助學制度，逐步將中等職業(yè)教育免學費政策覆 蓋到所有農(nóng)村學生，擴大普通高中家庭經(jīng)濟困難學生資助范圍。大力發(fā)展民辦教育，鼓勵和引導社會資本進入各級各類教育領域。教育寄托著人民的希望，關系國家 的未來，我們一定要把這項事業(yè)辦得更好！
Higher education should better meet the needs of economic and social development and China's strategic requirements, and improve its quality and capacity for making innovations. We will improve the state financial aid system for students by gradually making all rural students exempt from paying tuition for secondary vocational education, and by granting financial aid to more students from poor families who attend regular senior secondary schools. We will vigorously develop privately run schools and encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in all types of schools at all levels. The people place their hopes on education, and education is crucial for China's future, so we must achieve even better results in this work.

大力推進科技創(chuàng)新。加強國家創(chuàng)新體系建設。深化科技體制改革，推動企業(yè)成為技術創(chuàng)新主體，促進科技與經(jīng)濟緊密結合。支持企業(yè)加強研發(fā)中心建設， 承擔國家和地區(qū)重大科技項目。引導科研機構、高等院校的科研力量為企業(yè)研發(fā)中心服務，更好地實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)學研有機結合，提高科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化和產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平。推動基礎 研究和前沿技術研究，提高原始創(chuàng)新能力。完善科技評價和獎勵制度。倡導學術誠信，鼓勵獨立思考，保障學術自由，弘揚科學精神。堅定不移地實施國家知識產(chǎn)權 戰(zhàn)略。
We will vigorously boost innovation in science and technology. We will strengthen the national innovation system. We will deepen reform of the management system for science and technology, spur enterprises to become the main source of technological innovation, and more closely integrate science and technology with the economy. We will support enterprises in developing R&D centers and undertaking major national and regional science and technology projects. We will guide research institutes and researchers in universities in providing services to enterprises' technological innovation centers so that enterprises, universities, and research institutes can work more closely together to increase the industrial application of scientific and technological advances. We will boost basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies, and improve our capacity to make original innovations. We will improve the evaluation and incentive system for scientific and technological advances. We will advocate academic integrity, encourage independent thinking, ensure academic freedom, and foster a scientific spirit. We will unwaveringly implement the national strategy on intellectual property rights.

全面加強人才工作。深化人才體制改革，大力培養(yǎng)造就高水平創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人才、青年人才和急需緊缺人才，引進高層次人才。完善人才培養(yǎng)、任用、評價、激勵機制。努力營造人才輩出、人盡其才、才盡其用的良好社會環(huán)境。
We will comprehensively strengthen human resource work. We will deepen reform of the personnel management system; energetically train high-level innovative and entrepreneurial personnel, talented young people, and personnel who are urgently needed and in short supply; and attract talented personnel from overseas. We will improve the mechanism for training, employing, evaluating, and giving incentives to talented personnel, and create a favorable social environment for them to come to the fore in large numbers and tap their full potential.

(六)切實保障和改善民生
6. Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing

實現(xiàn)好、維護好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民的根本利益是以人為本理念的具體體現(xiàn)。要把保障和改善民生作為政府工作的重要任務。
Putting people first is about realizing, upholding, and promoting their fundamental interests. We will make ensuring and improving their wellbeing an important task in the work of the government.

千方百計擴大就業(yè)。就業(yè)是關系國家發(fā)展和人民福祉的大事。今年就業(yè)壓力仍然很大，各級政府務必堅持就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略，繼續(xù)實施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。 重點扶持就業(yè)容量大的現(xiàn)代服務業(yè)、創(chuàng)新型科技企業(yè)和小型微型企業(yè)，創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)崗位。鼓勵以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)。抓好高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工和城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)困難人員就 業(yè)，加強退役軍人技能培訓與就業(yè)安置工作。
We will make every effort to increase employment. Employment is of great importance to China's development and the people's wellbeing. We will continue to face great employment pressure this year, and governments at all levels must continue to follow the strategy of giving top priority to employment and more actively implement employment policies. We will give high priority to supporting service industries, innovative high-tech enterprises, and small and micro businesses that employ large numbers of people so as to create more jobs. We will encourage the creation of new businesses to stimulate employment. We will help college graduates, rural migrant workers and urban residents having difficulty finding jobs find employment, and strengthen technical training for ex-soldiers and help them find jobs and settle down.?

鼓勵高校畢業(yè)生投身農(nóng)村、基層、中西部地區(qū)建設。加強職業(yè)培訓和公共就業(yè)服務工作。加快建立健全統(tǒng)一規(guī)范靈活的人力資源市場。積極構建和諧勞動關系，加強對勞務派遣的規(guī)范管理，開展勞動關系爭議排查，加強勞動監(jiān)察和調(diào)解仲裁，維護勞動者合法權益。
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We will encourage college graduates to pursue careers in rural areas, local communities and the central and western regions. We will strengthen vocational training and public employment services. We will accelerate development of a sound, unified, standardized, and flexible human resources market. We will promote harmonious labor relations, increase supervision of labor dispatch, settle labor relations disputes, and intensify supervision, mediation, and arbitration of labor disputes to protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees.

加快完善社會保障體系。今年年底前實現(xiàn)新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險和城鎮(zhèn)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險制度全覆蓋。擴大各項社會保險覆蓋面。增加企業(yè)退休人員基本 養(yǎng)老金。加強城鄉(xiāng)低保和社會救助工作，加快發(fā)展社會福利事業(yè)和慈善事業(yè)。加強各項社會保障制度銜接。多渠道增加社會保障基金，加強社會保險基金、社會保障 基金投資監(jiān)管，實現(xiàn)保值增值。加強社保服務能力建設，有條件的地方可對各類社保經(jīng)辦機構進行整合歸并，有些服務可委托銀行、商業(yè)保險機構代辦。加快全國統(tǒng) 一的社會保障卡發(fā)放。
We will accelerate improvements to the social security system. By the end of the year, we will have achieved full coverage of the new old-age pension system for rural residents and the old-age pension system for non-working urban residents. We will expand coverage of all types of social insurance. We will raise the basic pension for enterprise retirees. We will increase urban and rural subsistence allowances and social aid, and accelerate development of social welfare programs and charities. We will better coordinate all aspects of the social safety net. We will increase the social security fund through a variety of channels, and strengthen oversight and supervision of investment from the social insurance fund and social security fund to increase their value. We will strengthen capacity building for social security services, allow localities where conditions permit to integrate and merge social security agencies, and entrust some services to banks or commercial insurance institutions. We will accelerate the work of introducing all-in-one national social security cards.