[即學(xué)即練5]

(1)What can we do to ___________________ this disease ______ ___________？我們能做什么來(lái)防止這種疾病蔓延呢？

(2)Don't ______ others ________ for long.不要讓別人等太久。

答案：prevent/stop/keep?from?spreading；keep?waiting

提示：(1)在被動(dòng)句中 from 均不能省略。如：We were stopped/prevented/kept from going out by the heavy rain.大雨使我們無(wú)法外出。

(2)protect...from...中 from后接能帶來(lái)傷害或損害之事物。如：They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他們擠在一起，免受風(fēng)吹。

6．cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮

cheer sb. up 使某人高興；使某人振奮

cheer on 為……加油

cheer sb. 為某人喝彩

with good cheer 欣然地

Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒)

[即學(xué)即練6]

(1)______ ______！ The news isn't too bad.振作一點(diǎn)吧！也不是什么太壞的消息。

(2)Every time an English runner won a race, the crowd _________.每次英國(guó)選手贏得賽跑冠軍，觀眾就歡呼。

(3)The crowd __________ their favourite horse ______.觀眾都替他們看好的馬加油。

答案：Cheer?up；cheered；cheered?on

7．break out (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、災(zāi)難、瘟疫等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)(無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

①The Second World War broke out in September 1939.“二戰(zhàn)”是1939年9月爆發(fā)的。

②A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.昨晚居民區(qū)里發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。

拓展：break away from 脫離(政黨等)；打破(陳套等)

break down 出故障，拋錨；(計(jì)劃等)失?。?身體、精神等)垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等)分解

break in 破門(mén)而入；闖入；打斷(話語(yǔ)等)

break into 破門(mén)而入，突然……起來(lái)

break off 折斷；突然中止，斷絕，結(jié)束

break through 突破

break up 打碎，拆散；散開(kāi)，解散；(學(xué)校)期末放假，(集會(huì))結(jié)束

break into pieces 成為碎片

[即學(xué)即練7]　

介、副詞填空

(1)She started to speak, then broke ______ while a waitress served us with coffee.

(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke ______.

(3)Her health broke ________ under the pressure of work.
答案：off；up；down

(4)Should another world war break ______， what would become of human beings?

(5)Firemen had to break the door ______ to reach the people trapped inside.

(6)The meeting broke ______ at eleven o'clock.

答案：out；down；up

8．watch out 注意；當(dāng)心

watch out(for)＝ look out (for)密切注意；留神

take care 留神，注意

be careful 仔細(xì)，留神

watch it 當(dāng)心，小心

watch over 照看；看守

keep a close watch/eye on 密切注視

[即學(xué)即練8]

(1)______ ______！ There is a car coming!當(dāng)心！有車(chē)來(lái)了！

(2)______ ______ ______ cars while crossing the road.過(guò)馬路時(shí)要當(dāng)心車(chē)輛。

(3)______ ______ not to catch a cold.＝______ ______ not to catch a cold. 當(dāng)心別著涼。
答案：Watch?out；Watch?out?for；Be?careful；Take?care

Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解

1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.這就形成一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命發(fā)展成為可能。

本句中 it做形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為不定式短語(yǔ) for life to develop。it做形式賓語(yǔ)還可以代替動(dòng)名詞或從句。

①He thinks it his duty to help others.他認(rèn)為幫助別人是他的職責(zé)。

②He made it a rule to get up at six every morning.他把每天早晨6點(diǎn)起床作為一項(xiàng)規(guī)定。

③We consider it no use going to the seaside.我們認(rèn)為去海邊沒(méi)用處。

④We all consider it a pity that you didn‘t come to the party.我們都認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有來(lái)參加聚會(huì)很遺憾。

⑤I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.我不喜歡人們說(shuō)話時(shí)嘴里有滿滿的東西。

⑥You may depend on it that we’re honest.你可以相信我們是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。

拓展：it還可以做形式主語(yǔ)，代替真正的主語(yǔ)——不定式(或不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))、動(dòng)名詞(或動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))或從句。

(1)It's＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是……的。

(2)It's＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事……

(3)It's/was/...who/that...是某人/某物做……

(4)It is/was the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that...＋主語(yǔ)＋have/had done...這是某人第……次做……

(5)It is (high) time that...＋主語(yǔ)＋did/should do...是……該做……的時(shí)候了。

(6)It's said/reported/believed/announced that...據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)猜測(cè)/據(jù)稱……

(7)It‘s a pity/a shame/a wonder...that...可惜/遺憾/奇怪……的是……

(8)It happens/appears/seems that... 恰巧/看來(lái)/好像……

(9)It looks/seems as if... 看起來(lái)好像……

(10)It’s up to sb. to do... 該某人做……了