考研英語(yǔ)翻譯復(fù)習(xí)方法
考研英語(yǔ)翻譯八大技巧為:重譯法;增譯法;減譯法;詞類轉(zhuǎn)移法;詞序調(diào)整法;分譯法;正反翻譯法;語(yǔ)態(tài)變換法。下面是小編給大家分享的考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧,大家可以作為參考。
1.逆序法
逆序法就是漢語(yǔ)譯文的語(yǔ)序和英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)序完全相反。翻譯時(shí),要把英語(yǔ)句子后面的詞或短語(yǔ)放到漢語(yǔ)譯文的前面,有些句子所有詞的順序都發(fā)生變化,有些句子只有部分詞的順序發(fā)生變化。請(qǐng)看譯例。
(1)A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.
譯文:原子反應(yīng)堆需要一種合適的燃料。
(2)Every day new compounds are produced in the laboratory by the synthetic organic chemist.
譯文:有機(jī)化合專家每天都在實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造新的化合物。
(3)Swift progress has also been made in culture and education.
譯文:文教事業(yè)也有迅速的發(fā)展。
2.譯成漢語(yǔ)的無(wú)主句
一些被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子可用漢語(yǔ)的無(wú)主句表達(dá)。
(1)It is important that fresh impetus be given to the national economy.
譯文:重要的是,應(yīng)該給國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)注入新的活力。
(2)A court order was obtained, permitting the police to subject him to a lie detector test.
譯文:獲得了法庭指令,允許警察對(duì)他使用測(cè)謊儀進(jìn)行測(cè)謊。
(3)It must be recognized that China is still a developing country.
譯文:必須承認(rèn)中國(guó)還是一個(gè)發(fā)展中的國(guó)家。
3.增添漢語(yǔ)邏輯上的主語(yǔ)
有些英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句翻譯成漢語(yǔ),需要增加邏輯上的主語(yǔ),我們可根據(jù)上下文增加適當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)。
(1)More state help is needed for the disadvantaged sections of the community.
譯文:國(guó)家需要向社會(huì)的貧困階層提供更多救濟(jì)。
(2)Their bombs are always placed in strategic positions to cause as much chaos as possible.
譯文:他們總是把炸彈放在戰(zhàn)略要地,從而盡可能引起更大的混亂。
(3)Copper articles have been used for several thousand years.
譯文:人類對(duì)銅器的使用已經(jīng)有幾千年的歷史了。
4.語(yǔ)序基本不變 助動(dòng)詞be省略不譯
有一些英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句,可按其原有的語(yǔ)序表達(dá)或作稍微的調(diào)整,但助動(dòng)詞be要省略不譯。
(1)The members of the jury were discharged.
譯文:陪審員都解散了。
(2)All the problems are to be discussed.
譯文:所有問(wèn)題將會(huì)進(jìn)行討論。
(3)The conference will be held next week.
譯文:會(huì)議將于下周舉行。
5. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換成“是……的”
一些英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句,翻譯成漢語(yǔ)可用“是……的”來(lái)表達(dá)。
(1)History is made by the people.
譯文:歷史是人民創(chuàng)造的。
(2)Produced by electrons are the x-rays, which allow the doctor to look inside a patient’s body.
譯文:X 射線是電子產(chǎn)生的, 它使醫(yī)生能透視病人的身體。
(3)These objects were produced using a revolutionary new process which until recently was unavailable in Britain.
譯文:這些東西是用一種革新的工藝生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的,而英國(guó)直到最近才掌握這項(xiàng)工藝。
6. 調(diào)整部分語(yǔ)序
有些被動(dòng)句轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句,其它的句子成分要作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整,以便使譯文符合漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
(1)The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on an island in Upper New York Bay in 1886.
譯文:1886年,自由女神像在紐約灣北部落成。
(2)All objects are made to expand by heat.
譯文:所有物質(zhì)遇熱都會(huì)膨脹。
(3)The problem of population control has to be recognized and approached in a world environmental context.
以上就是小編給大家分享的考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧,希望可以給大家學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)幫助。
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