英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)聽力的做題技巧分享
要想順利通過英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試,聽力是必須翻越的大山。很多人四六級(jí)聽力練習(xí)了很久都沒有提高,可能是你忽略了這些做題環(huán)節(jié)或者做題技巧,今天就來(lái)談?wù)劼犃Φ膸讉€(gè)做題技巧。如果你對(duì)此感興趣的話,也可以跟著我們一起來(lái)了解了解。
四六級(jí)聽力怎么考?
四級(jí)和六級(jí)聽力除了三個(gè)section的具體題型不同,總分和考題數(shù)量都一樣,249.5分/25題,占總成績(jī)的35%。
按249分的60%來(lái)算的話,聽力及格分?jǐn)?shù)是150分。低于這個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)的同學(xué)要注意加強(qiáng)練習(xí)啦!
其中四級(jí)聽力考試的具體題型及分值如下:
短篇新聞
7題
7%(每題1分)
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話
8題
8%(每題1分)
聽力理解
10題
20%(每題2分)
注:表格中的1分≈7.1分(換算成滿分710分)
六級(jí)聽力考試的具體題型及分值如下:
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話 2篇
8題
8%(每題1分)
聽力篇章 2篇
7題
7%(每題1分)
講座/講話 3篇
10題
20%(每題2分)
注:表格中的1分≈7.1分(換算成滿分710分)
聽力之所以難,原因如下:
1. 試卷上沒有題目,你看到的是100個(gè)選項(xiàng),如果沒有備考技巧,聽聽力錄音是的你 內(nèi)心os如下:
2. 聽力錄音只播放一遍,四級(jí)錄音語(yǔ)速120~140詞/分鐘,六級(jí)語(yǔ)速140-160詞/分鐘。
3. 題目對(duì)應(yīng)的Questions,要等錄音材料全部播完才開始播放。且每個(gè)問題后只有有限的作答時(shí)間。(四級(jí)每題后15秒,六級(jí)13秒。)
4. 錄音播放完畢立即收答題卡,沒有填涂答題卡時(shí)間。所以要在25/30分鐘內(nèi),完成審題+做筆記+聽到問題+排除選項(xiàng)+選出答案+完成填涂的步驟!
為了能讓大家能更好地掌握聽力考試的技巧,閣主將分(聽前、聽時(shí)、聽后)為大家細(xì)細(xì)講解。
一、聽力開始前的準(zhǔn)備技巧
在聽力考試之前會(huì)有幾分鐘的時(shí)間(多為試音時(shí)間)能看到題目,那么大家應(yīng)該如何利用這段時(shí)間呢?
首先,應(yīng)該做的就是粗讀一遍所有題目,先豎讀再橫讀,忽略每個(gè)選項(xiàng)幾乎都會(huì)出現(xiàn)的詞,并且勾畫出一些重點(diǎn)詞匯。
每個(gè)選項(xiàng)勾畫一到兩個(gè)實(shí)詞,即名詞,動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞。
為了讓大家更好地理解如何勾畫詞匯,小編給出一些例題做以解釋。
Eg:
A. They are smart and eloquent.
B. They are ambitious and arrogant.
C. They are shrewd and dishonest.
D. They are wealthy and industrious.
首先看到這道題時(shí),能清楚的發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有they are,不同的部分是后面的形容詞。
因此在瀏覽選項(xiàng)的時(shí)候只需勾畫后面的形容詞就好。
并且在瀏覽選項(xiàng)時(shí),一定要注意選項(xiàng)是否有什么共同特征,比如說都以動(dòng)詞原形開頭。不同的形式有不同特點(diǎn)。
1.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都以動(dòng)詞原形開頭
Eg:
A. Do what they advocate in public.
B. Always place kid’s interest first.
C. Pay attention to their image before children.
D. Message positive behaviors at all times.
在瀏覽選項(xiàng)時(shí)勾畫幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞即可,或者勾畫動(dòng)詞+名詞。
并且,動(dòng)詞原形開頭的選項(xiàng)表示請(qǐng)求、建議、命令等,因此在聽力原文中很可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)tell/ask sb. to do sth.、suggest/ suggestion/ recommend/recommendation/please/why not/why don’t/should等詞或者短語(yǔ)。
因此在你聽到有這些詞時(shí)一定要注意了,這些都是非常明顯的信號(hào),告訴你該看這道題了。
2.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都以動(dòng)名詞形式開頭
Eg1:
A. Allowing them to choose their favorite teachers.
B. Creating a more relaxed learning environment
C. Rewarding excellent academic performance.
D. Helping them to develop better studies.
Eg2:
A: By training rescue teams for emergencies.
B. By taking steps to prepare people for them.
C. By changing people’s views of nature.
D. By relocating people to safer places.
同樣地,瀏覽選項(xiàng)時(shí),記得勾畫“動(dòng)詞+名詞”部分。
通常四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都以動(dòng)名詞或者by+V-ing形式開頭時(shí),可能會(huì)問到文本中的一些方式或者方法等。
因此在聽聽力文本時(shí),如果提到類似內(nèi)容時(shí),一定要豎起耳朵仔細(xì)聽,很可能附近部分會(huì)是答案哦。
3.選項(xiàng)中有數(shù)字或者比較
Eg:
A. The average life span was less than 50 years.
B. It was very common for them to have 12 children.
C. They retired from work much earlier than today.
D. They were quite optimistic about their future.
如題,上面有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都出現(xiàn)了數(shù)字,先勾畫出幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞。
A選項(xiàng)的 <50 years, B選項(xiàng)的12 children,C選項(xiàng)的retired和earlier,D選項(xiàng)的optimistic。
并且我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞都不相同,那么需要同學(xué)們?cè)诼牭脮r(shí)候碰到數(shù)字時(shí)記得記它的關(guān)鍵信息,
比如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物等等。
二、聽錄音時(shí)的一些小技巧
1. 視聽一致
這是四六級(jí)聽力考試中最基礎(chǔ)最最核心的技巧,重要的話說三遍,沒有之一,沒有之一,沒有之一!
四六級(jí)聽力的答案很多都是通過視聽一致得出的。
所以,如果你的基礎(chǔ)還不夠牢固,視聽一致是你現(xiàn)在練習(xí)的關(guān)鍵。
視聽一致主要指聽力中,聽到的內(nèi)容和所選基本一致,即所聽為所選。且吻合程度越高的選項(xiàng),是正確答案的概率就越高。
那么小編先來(lái)給大家放送幾道真題,并為大家詳細(xì)解釋。
Eg1:
聽力原文:
M: What’s all that? Are you going to make a salad?
W: No, I’m going to make a gazpacho.
M: What’s that?
W: Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain. It’s mostly vegetables. I guess you could call it a liquid salad.
Q:1.What do we learn about gazpcho?
A. It is a typical salad.
B. It is a Spanish soup.
C. It is a weird vegetable.
D. It is a kind of spicy soup.
聽力原文中提到”Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain.”,意思是gazpacho是西班牙的一種冷菜湯,也可以理解為一種液體沙拉。
文中的a cold soup from Spain 和答案中的a Spanish soup 吻合,因此答案為B。
Eg2:
聽力原文:
M: NO. Is it good too?
W: Oh, yeah, definitely. It’s amazing. It’s a little dry and salty, and it’s very expensive because it comes from a special type of pig that only eats a special type of food.
Q: What does the woman say about cured ham?
A. It does not go stale for two years.
B. It takes no special skill to prepare.
C. It comes from a special kind of meat.
D. It is a delicacy blended with bread.
原文中,女士給男士解釋cured ham時(shí)說,這是另一種西班牙美食。
后面說到這種火腿價(jià)格昂貴,因?yàn)樗∽砸环N特殊品種的豬。
題目中的“It comes from a special kind of meat”和原文中的“it comes from a special type of pig”完全吻合,因此選C。
2. 同義替換
在四六級(jí)聽力中特別是六級(jí)聽力,同義替換是命題專家最愛用的考查方式,視聽一致不管用的時(shí)候就用這個(gè)技巧。百試不爽!
同義替換,顧名思義,聽力原文中的關(guān)鍵詞的意思和正確答案的選項(xiàng)意思一樣。
給大家一些例題做解釋。
Eg1:
聽力原文:
M: Mm, yeah. I guess something in the vicinity of 30 or 40 would be good. Which type would you recommend?
W: I would say the safest option is always a red wine. They are generally more popular than whites, and can usually be paired with food more easily. Our specialty here are Italian wines, and those tend to be fruity medium acidity.
Q: Why dose the woman recommend red wines?
A. They are a healthy choice for elderly people.
B. They are especially popular among Italians.
C. They symbolize good health and longevity.
D. They go well with different kinds of food.
原文說到,女士建議男士購(gòu)買紅葡萄酒,因?yàn)榧t葡萄酒比白葡萄酒更受歡迎,并且紅葡萄酒與食物更容易搭配。
原文中的“be paired with food more easily”和“go well with different kinds of food”意思相同,都表示更容易搭配食物。
Eg2:
聽力原文:
…That is, you can’t really get a robot to do a great message or physical therapy, or you can’t get the kind of personal attention you need with regard to therapy or any other personal service. There could be very high-end personal services. Therapists do charge a lot of money.
Q: What does the speaker say about therapists?
A. They charge high prices.
B. They need lots of training.
C. They cater to the needs of young people.
D. They focus on customers’ specific needs.
原文中說到“Therapists do charge a lot of money”,理療師們的收費(fèi)確實(shí)很高。
而A選項(xiàng)說,They charge high prices,意思與原文相同。
其中a lot of money 和high prices 意思相同,都表示“很多錢”的意思。
3. 某些重要的信號(hào)詞
在四六級(jí)聽力考試中,很多信號(hào)詞都在暗示你:“答案就在這附近了”。
那么具體有哪些信號(hào)詞呢?小編為大家總結(jié)了幾類常見的信號(hào)詞。
序數(shù)詞:first, second, third
轉(zhuǎn)折詞but, however, yet
因果關(guān)系詞:so, therefore, because, because of, consequently, hence
表舉例:for example, for instance, such as, including
比較級(jí)、最高級(jí):adj/adv+est 或 most+adj/adv.
事實(shí)羅列:in fact, as a matter of face, actually等
在這些詞的前后,很可能就是答案所在。
因此同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)練習(xí)的過程中,一定要找出信號(hào)詞的位置,并且判斷它代表哪一種關(guān)系(轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、因果等等),并結(jié)合題目選擇答案。
下面提供一些例題供大家參考:
Eg1:
聽力原文:
Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the Amazon, yet this 4000-mile –long South American river carries about 20 percent of the world’s fresh water—more than the Mississippi, Nile, and Yangtze combined.
Q: What does the speaker say about the Amazon?
A. It carries about one fifth of the world’s fresh water.
B. It has numerous human settlements along its banks.
C. It is second only to the Mississippi River in width.
D. It is as long as the Nile and the Yangtze combined.
原句中有yet,表示轉(zhuǎn)折,因此yet作為信號(hào)詞應(yīng)該注意yet后的句子。
短文中提到,亞馬遜擁有地球上20%最有的淡水。
20%和one fifth是同意替換,都表示“五分之一”。因此選A。
Eg2:
聽力原文:
Middles often successfully marry other middles, since both are strong on tact, not so strong on the aggressiveness and tend to crave affection. The only child is often most comfortable when alone. But since an “only” tends to be a well-adjusted individual, she’ll eventually learn to relate to any chosen spouse.
Q: what does the speaker say about the only children?
A. They enjoy making friends.
B. They tend to be well-adjusted.
C. They are least likely to take initiative.
D. They usually have successful marriages.
原文中的but表示轉(zhuǎn)折,作為信號(hào)詞,因此,but后的內(nèi)容是重點(diǎn)。
文中主要講獨(dú)生子女通常在自己一個(gè)人待著的時(shí)候比較舒服自在,但獨(dú)生子女的適應(yīng)能力一般都比較強(qiáng),因此他們最終能學(xué)著去適應(yīng)自己的伴侶。
文中有“tends to be a well-adjusted individual”,與B選項(xiàng)的“tend to be well-adjusted”重合,因此選B。
三、聽后總結(jié)反思
做完題后的你肯定會(huì)迫不及待的訂正答案,但是就這樣結(jié)束了嘛?
如果你只是進(jìn)行到這一步就結(jié)束了,那你的聽力成績(jī)還是會(huì)停留在當(dāng)前水平,不會(huì)有很大提高,你真正要做的才剛剛開始。
那么,在核對(duì)完答案后,還應(yīng)該怎么做呢?
Step 1: 重新聽錯(cuò)題比較多的篇章,并且畫出考點(diǎn)部分。
將考點(diǎn)部分與原題答案進(jìn)行比較,勾畫出信號(hào)詞或者同意替換等關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容,記錄在錯(cuò)題本上。
Step 2:精聽錯(cuò)題較多的篇章,并進(jìn)行修改。
Step 3:反復(fù)跟讀聽力文本,做到能完全聽懂聽力文本,并且沒有不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞為止。
其實(shí)四六級(jí)聽力的技巧還有很多,希望大家能夠找到最適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法,加油吧!如果您對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)感興趣,想要深入學(xué)習(xí),可以了解滬江網(wǎng)校精品課程,量身定制高效實(shí)用的個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)方案,專屬督導(dǎo)全程伴學(xué),掃一掃領(lǐng)200暢學(xué)卡。