雅思聽(tīng)力選擇題的解題步驟
在雅思聽(tīng)力考試中,單選題是必考題型,掌握解題方法很重要。下面是小編給大家分享的解題技巧,希望可以給大家在備考過(guò)程中帶來(lái)幫助。
一、優(yōu)先看題干劃出定位詞
考生在做單選題的時(shí)候,首先要做的就是精準(zhǔn)定位每一道題目,因?yàn)閱芜x題的核心在于定位準(zhǔn)確。雅思聽(tīng)力大部分的單選題都是利用題干去定位而不是選項(xiàng),如果考生之前在做單選題的時(shí)候是聽(tīng)到選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的單詞覺(jué)得應(yīng)該做這道題的話,往往就掉入了選擇題的陷阱當(dāng)中。因此考生應(yīng)該在有限的審題時(shí)間內(nèi)優(yōu)先看題干并且在題干中劃出定位詞。
那么幫助考生定位題目的定位詞要怎么劃出來(lái)呢?首先要?jiǎng)澇霾灰妆惶鎿Q的名詞和數(shù)字,其次就是劃出有限定意義的形容詞和動(dòng)詞。限定意義的形容詞最為典型的為形容詞最高級(jí)以及比較級(jí),如maximum, minimum, best, most等。而動(dòng)詞要?jiǎng)澇鲆恍┯蟹戳x詞的動(dòng)詞,例如include, open等詞,并且要準(zhǔn)備好聽(tīng)這些詞的反義詞,比如include的反義詞exclude, extra; open的反義詞為close。
但是考生在劃出限定意義的形容詞與反義詞的動(dòng)詞時(shí)要記住兩點(diǎn)。一是這些詞有同義詞替換,因此不要期待聽(tīng)到原詞;二是要排除干擾,因?yàn)橥鶗?huì)有干擾項(xiàng)的出現(xiàn)。最后考生還要注意劃出一些帶有否定意義的詞,如not, none, without, wrong等,因?yàn)檫@些詞也在限制題干的范圍。下面我們以劍橋真題為例,具體分析一下怎樣在題干當(dāng)中劃出定位詞。
22. A problem with Asian honey bees is that they
A. attack native bees.
B. carry parasites.
C. damage crops.
23. What point is made about Australian bees?
A. Their honey varies in quality.
B. Their size stops them from pollinating some flowers.
C. They are sold to customers abroad.
這是劍8 Test 2 Section 3的題目,在22題中,考生可以劃出題干當(dāng)中的名詞problem以及Asian honey bees作為定位詞。而23題考生也可以劃出其名詞point以及Australian bees作為定位詞。因此,考生在劃出題干當(dāng)中的定位詞時(shí)首先要考慮不易被替換的名詞。
The company has most camping sites in
A. France.
B. Italy.
C. Switzerland.
在這道劍7的單選題中,考生可以在題干當(dāng)中劃出camping site作為定位詞。其次題干當(dāng)中有很明顯的限定意義的形容詞most, 提示考生一定要選出最多的??忌?jiǎng)澇鰉ost, 利用此限定意義的詞選擇答案以及排除陷阱。但是考生在聽(tīng)答案時(shí),一定要注意most很可能會(huì)被改寫。
32. What types of people were included in the research?
A. young people in their first job
B. men who were working
C. women who were unemployed
在這道劍8的單選題中,考生可以在題干當(dāng)中劃出type, people, research作為定位詞。其次考生一定要把included劃出來(lái),并預(yù)測(cè)錄音很可能會(huì)用其反義詞exclude或者extra干擾考生。
二、看選項(xiàng)劃出核心詞
單選題最大的難點(diǎn)是選項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)而復(fù)雜,因此為了在聽(tīng)題時(shí)快速捕捉選項(xiàng),考生應(yīng)該在審題時(shí)劃出選項(xiàng)的核心詞去區(qū)分每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)以及簡(jiǎn)化長(zhǎng)選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)劃出核心詞的方法有兩個(gè),一是在短選項(xiàng)中劃出名詞;二是在長(zhǎng)選項(xiàng)中劃出動(dòng)詞加名詞。下面我們就來(lái)看看真題當(dāng)中的短選項(xiàng)和長(zhǎng)選項(xiàng)。
22. A problem with Asian honey bees is that they
A. attack native bees.
B. carry parasites.
C. damage crops.
在這道劍8的單選題中,考生可以分別劃出native bees, parasites以及crops去區(qū)分每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)以及簡(jiǎn)化選項(xiàng)。
24. Grant Freeman says that if Asian honey bees got into Australia.
A. the country's economy would be affected.
B. they could be used in the study of allergies.
C. certain areas of agriculture would benefit.
24題的選項(xiàng)明顯比22題長(zhǎng),考生可以劃出名詞加動(dòng)詞的核心詞。在A選項(xiàng)中考生可以劃出economy和affected, 在B選項(xiàng)中可以劃出used和study of allergies, 在C選項(xiàng)中可以劃出agriculture和benefit, 這樣考生就可以快速抓住選項(xiàng)的核心意思了。
三、注意選項(xiàng)替換
單選題的出題思路在于選項(xiàng)的改寫。因此考生在聽(tīng)題時(shí)不能聽(tīng)到選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的某個(gè)原詞就以為是正確選項(xiàng)。因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)的原詞往往都是給考生設(shè)下的陷阱,除了專有名詞以及數(shù)字。因此,攻克選擇題的核心就在于考生要捕捉到單選題選項(xiàng)的改寫詞,考生需要在練習(xí)過(guò)程當(dāng)中不斷地整理除了數(shù)字以及專有名詞以外的選項(xiàng)的同義詞替換,來(lái)提高對(duì)改寫詞的敏感度。下面我們來(lái)看看劍橋真題單選題當(dāng)中的一些答案的替換。
Honey Bees in Australia
21. Where in Australia have Asian honey bees been found in the past?
A. Queensland
B. New South Wales
C. several states
22. A problem with Asian honey bees is that they
A. attack native bees.
B. carry parasites.
C. damage crops.
23. What point is made about Australian bees?
A. Their honey varies in quality.
B. Their size stops them from pollinating some flowers.
C. They are sold to customers abroad.
24. Grant Freeman says that if Asian honey bees got into Australia.
A. the country's economy would be affected.
B. they could be used in the study of allergies.
C. certain areas of agriculture would benefit.
除了21題以外,每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都體現(xiàn)了選項(xiàng)的同義詞替換。21題的選項(xiàng)很明顯是專有地名,因此考生應(yīng)該在聽(tīng)題時(shí)做好聽(tīng)原詞的準(zhǔn)備,而不是其同義詞替換。而22題的答案的出題句子是In fact, they look almost the same, but they are infested with mites. 很明顯答案B的parasite就替換成了mites。23題的答案出現(xiàn)的句子是Australia exports native Queen bees to a large number of countries because of this, 答案C的customers abroad改成了exports to a large number of countries。而最后24題的答案句子為We could lose a lot of money, A的economy替換成了money。因此考生聽(tīng)題時(shí)需要捕捉到選項(xiàng)的同義詞替換,而不是原詞。
以上就是小編為大家分享的“雅思聽(tīng)力選擇題的解題步驟”,希望可以給大家在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中帶來(lái)幫助,如果需要了解更多的雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)資訊,可以登錄滬江網(wǎng)。