Trend Analysis
趨勢(shì)分析

Interviewer: We have with us in the studio Nicola Bayleigh, our social affairs commentator, to give us some perspective on the changes that have taken place in our working lives over the last twenty years or so. Good morning, Nicola.
采訪記者：我們邀請(qǐng)了社會(huì)評(píng)論員尼古拉? 貝利給我們講解在過(guò)去的二十年里我們工作生活的變化。尼古拉，早上好。

Nicola: Good morning.
尼古拉：早上好。

Interviewer: Now, we hear an awful lot these days about the end to a job for life, the rise of flexible working, the numbers of women now engaged in employment and so on. It’s very different from our parents’ day, isn’t it?
采訪記者：最近我們聽(tīng)到很多可怕的情況，不再為了生活而工作，更多靈活工作制，女性更多地參與工作等等。這些都跟父輩情況很不同，是嗎？

Nicola: Well, it’s true there’s a lot more terminology around these days. Anyone would think from listening to the media that some kind of social revolution was going on.
尼古拉：確實(shí)是，現(xiàn)在有很多此類術(shù)語(yǔ)。通過(guò)媒體，每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為某種社會(huì)改革正在進(jìn)行中。

Interviewer: And are you saying that these are not real trends for the future?
采訪記者：你的意思是這些并不是未來(lái)發(fā)展的真正趨勢(shì)？

Nicola: I’m not saying these phenomena are not present today, but I just think we need to put them into some kind of perspective. Traditional 9 to 5 working is not going to disappear quite as fast as some analysts would like to believe.
尼古拉：我并不是指這些現(xiàn)象不存在，我只是認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該正確看待它們。傳統(tǒng)的朝九晚五工作時(shí)間制并不會(huì)像一些分析家認(rèn)為的那樣，會(huì)很快消失。

Interviewer: I think you have some interesting figures from recent research on the subject ...
采訪記者：您從最近的調(diào)查中得到關(guān)于這個(gè)話題的有趣數(shù)據(jù)……

Nicola: That’s right. If you look at the proportion of working people in Britain today who have a permanent contract of employment, for example, you’ll find it’s not very much different from twenty years ago. It’s still around 80%. And around 30% of us have had the same job for more than ten years, which is also little changed from the past.
尼古拉：是的。例如，看一下英國(guó)擁有長(zhǎng)期工作合同的人群比例，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)與二十年前并沒(méi)有很大不同，還是保持在百分之八十左右。有百分之三十的人做同樣的工作超過(guò)十年，這也跟以前差不多。

Interviewer: That doesn’t mean that people necessarily feel more secure, though …采訪記者：但這并不能說(shuō)明他們必定會(huì)感到更有保障……

Nicola: Oh, no. Employers still retain the right to use redundancy as a way of reducing their labour force, for example. But the idea that most of us are moving from one temporary job to another is not borne out by the figures. Temporary employment only accounts for about 6% of all jobs.
尼古拉：不是這樣的，比如說(shuō)雇主還是擁有通過(guò)裁員減少勞動(dòng)力的權(quán)利的。但是這些數(shù)據(jù)并不能證實(shí)大多數(shù)人經(jīng)常換臨時(shí)工作，臨時(shí)工作只是在總數(shù)中占百分之六而已。

Interviewer: Well, let’s talk about women’s employment. Isn’t it true that there are far more women in the workplace today?
采訪記者：好的，讓我們談?wù)撆跃蜆I(yè)問(wèn)題。現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有更多的女性參與工作了，是嗎？

Nicola: Oh yes, there are certainly more women with dependent children in the workforce than before, but the overall proportion of women in full-?time work hasn’t really changed in twenty-?five years, especially in the more traditional sectors – clerical, secretarial and sales jobs.
尼古拉：是的。比起以前，現(xiàn)在有更多的有小孩的女性參與工作，但是全職女性所占的比例二十年來(lái)都沒(méi)有多大改變，特別是一些較傳統(tǒng)的職業(yè)，比如文書，秘書和銷售工作。

Interviewer: And what about specific patterns of working? Is it true there’s more part?-time work in the UK compared to the rest of Europe? And aren't we working longer hours than before?
采訪記者：那工作的具體模式呢？英國(guó)與歐洲的其他地方相比較，是不是有更多的兼職工作?我們的工作時(shí)間也比以前長(zhǎng)了呢？

Nicola: Well, yes, both of these are unfortunately true. A third of us work more than 46 hours a week, while for other European countries it’s not much more than 10%.
尼古拉：是的，很遺憾這都是真的。我們有三分之一的人一星期工作超過(guò)四十六個(gè)小時(shí)，其他的歐洲國(guó)家則不超過(guò)百分之十。

Interviewer: So much for new technology liberating us to do other things. And how about the golden future where we are all engaged in ‘flexible working’? Is this a reality today?
采訪記者：新科技解放我們?nèi)プ銎渌虑?，原?lái)也不過(guò)如此。那我們有靈活的工作時(shí)間這個(gè)美好的未來(lái)呢？現(xiàn)在來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)成真嗎？

Nicola: Again, if you look at how many people have some formal agreement, for example to annualise their hours or job share, it's only about 20% of us. The old working patterns persist …
尼古拉：再次說(shuō)明，看看有多少人有正式協(xié)議說(shuō)明時(shí)間和分工的，我們之中就只有百分之二十。舊的工作模式堅(jiān)持……