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Carl Haub on the graying of Earth’s population

EarthSky

In industrialized countries, the number of people reaching retirement age is growing, while the number of working age people is declining.

在工業(yè)化國家，退休人口的數(shù)量在遞增，同時，工作人口的數(shù)量在遞減。

The number of people aged 80 and older is growing at a faster rate than any other age group worldwide.?

在全球范圍內(nèi)，處于80歲以上（包括80歲）年齡層的人口的數(shù)量增長速度超過其他任何一個年齡層的人口的增長速度。

By the year 2050, there will be almost twice as many older non-working people than there are now, in contrast to the total number of workers.?

到2050年，相對工作的人口，非工作人口的數(shù)量會增長到目前的兩倍。

In 1950, there were 12 people of working age for every person age 65 or older. In 2010, there are only 9 contributing to old age support in their countries. That means that here in the U.S., fewer people are contributing to Social Security and Medicare in proportion to the number of people needing and using those programs.?

在1950年，達(dá)到或超過65歲的人與參加工作的人的人口比例是1:12,。在2010年，變成了1:9。這意味著，在美國，相對那些需要社會安全福利保險養(yǎng)老的人的數(shù)量，提供社會保險人的數(shù)量變少了。

EarthSky spoke with Carl Haub, a demographer at the Population Reference Bureau, a Washington D.C.- based think-tank, about why the population is getting older. He said it’s because couples are having fewer children, on average.

EarthSky就人口老齡化原因的話題采訪了卡爾?霍伯。他是美國人口咨詢局的一名人口統(tǒng)計學(xué)家，也是華盛頓智囊團(tuán)的成員。他說老齡化是因為平均下來夫妻生的孩子少了。

Carl Haub: If a couple has two children themselves, then they basically replace themselves. But if they have 1.2 or 1.3 or 1.4, every succeeding generation gets smaller and smaller.

卡爾?霍伯：如果一對夫妻要兩個孩子，那在數(shù)量上剛好能取代他們，但是，如果一對夫妻平均只生1.2,1.3或1.4個孩子，那后代人口的數(shù)量會逐代減少。

Haub said that some governments, such as Spain and Russia, have offered couples incentives to have more children.

霍伯說，比如西班牙、俄羅斯等一些政府采取一些激勵政策鼓勵夫妻多生孩子。

Carl Haub: It’s quite a phenomenon, in world history. We’ve never seen this before.

卡爾?霍伯：這是世界史上的一種奇特的現(xiàn)象，之前從未發(fā)生過。

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