不定式

不定式的全稱是“動(dòng)詞不定式”，是一種非限定動(dòng)詞，由不定式符號(hào)to+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。不定式具有動(dòng)詞的特征，同時(shí)也有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，但它還是屬于動(dòng)詞，所以它本身可以帶賓語和狀語。動(dòng)詞不定式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語，還可用在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，而且有完成式、進(jìn)行式、完成進(jìn)行式和否定形式。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進(jìn)行式。

11) The environmentalists are against _______________(在郊區(qū)建一座核電站的決定).

12) Sally Ride was the first _______________(探索外部空間的美國(guó)婦女).

13) They lifted a rock _______________(結(jié)果砸了自己的腳).

14) He was surprised _______________(在這個(gè)山村遇見一個(gè)中學(xué)同學(xué)).

15) I am sorry _______________(占用了您這么多時(shí)間).

16) I happened _______________(在他沖進(jìn)來的時(shí)候站在門口).

17) She doesn’t like _______________(被當(dāng)作客人).

18) If you want to save money, you’d better _______________(到校園書店買舊書).

19) We did nothing _______________(除了整天打橋牌).

20) We were made _______________(進(jìn)屋之前在墊子上擦擦腳).

參考答案

11) the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs
考點(diǎn)：同上
12) American woman to explore the outer space
考點(diǎn)：由only, last, next，序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語

13) only to drop it on their own feet
考點(diǎn)：不定式作結(jié)果狀語

14) to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village
考點(diǎn)：不定式作原因狀語

15) to have taken up so much of your time
考點(diǎn)：1. 不定式作原因狀語;2. 不定式的完成時(shí)

16) to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in
考點(diǎn)：不定式的進(jìn)行式

17) to be treated as a guest
考點(diǎn)：不定式的被動(dòng)形式

18) go to the campus bookstore to buy used books
考點(diǎn)：不帶to的不定式

19) but play bridge the whole day
考點(diǎn)：同上

20) to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room
考點(diǎn)：當(dāng)動(dòng)詞see, make, hear等用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不定式要保留to

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