Countable & Uncountable nouns (1)

可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞（1）


Nouns can be countable or uncountable. When you learn a new noun you should make a note of whether it is countable or uncountable as we use different words with countables and uncountables.

名詞分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，當你學習一個新的名詞的時候，你需要記住它是可數(shù)的還是不可數(shù)的，因為他們的用法是不同的。

Countable nouns 可數(shù)名詞

? There is a cat in the garden.
? There are some birds in the trees.

For positive sentences we can use a/an or some (with a plural verb form) 肯定句里，我們要用a/an 或者some（跟動詞的復數(shù)形式）。

? There isn’t a dog in the garden.
? There aren’t any birds in the tree.

For negatives we can use a/an or any (with a plural verb form). 否定句里，我們用a/an或者any（跟動詞的復數(shù)形式）

? Is there an orange on the tree?
? Are there any chairs in the garden?
? How many chairs are there?

In questions we use a/an, any or how many. 在問句里，我們用 a、an、any或者how many。

?

Uncountable nouns 不可數(shù)名詞

? There is some milk on the floor.

Uncountable nouns have no plural. The verb form is singular and we use some. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)形式，動詞形式是單數(shù)的，用some修飾。

? Is there any sugar?
? How much wine is there?

In questions we can use any or how much. 在問句里，我們用any和how much。

?

Other expressions of quantity 其他關于數(shù)量的表達

? There are a lot of apples on the trees.
? There is a lot of snow on the road.

A lot of can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. “A lot of”可以同時用于可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞

? Bill Gates has much money.

Notice that we don’t usually use ‘much’ or ‘many’ in positive sentences. We use ‘a(chǎn) lot of’. 請注意，我們通常不用much或者many在肯定句里。

? Bill Gates has a lot of money.
? There’s a lot of beer but there isn’t much wine.
? There are a lot of carrots but there aren’t many potatoes.

We use not many with countable nouns and not much with uncountable nouns.
我們用not many+可數(shù)名詞和not much+不可數(shù)名詞

Some nouns can be both countable and uncountable, depending on how they are used, and some nouns are commonly confused. These are covered in another section.

有些名詞可以既是可數(shù)的，也是不可數(shù)的，這取決于何時用它們，一些名詞經(jīng)常讓人感到混淆，我們在下一章再詳細講。