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在那個(gè)愛好鉆研的時(shí)代，化石的由來(lái)長(zhǎng)期困擾著人們，于是水成論者 和火成論者各執(zhí)己見~~~ ?《萬(wàn)物簡(jiǎn)史

面的TIPS訓(xùn)練聽寫。這樣可以提高聽力準(zhǔn)確度，并為訓(xùn)練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~ TIPS聽寫訓(xùn)練點(diǎn)：?jiǎn)卧~拼寫，時(shí)態(tài)，單復(fù)數(shù)，連讀，長(zhǎng)難句（請(qǐng)邊聽邊用符號(hào)先記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語(yǔ)句，最后校對(duì)，不要逐字逐句聽寫） Hints: Hunterian Museum Mantell iguanas Aware that his finding would [-1-] upend what was understood about the past, and urged by his friend the Reverend William Buckland—he of the gowns and experimental appetite—[-2-] caution, Mantell devoted three [-3-] years to seeking evidence to support his conclusions. He sent the tooth to Cuvier in Paris for an opinion, but the great Frenchman dismissed it as being from a hippopotamus. (Cuvier later [-4-] handsomely for this uncharacteristic error.) [---5---] A hasty comparison confirmed the resemblance. And so Mantell's creature became Iguanodon, after a basking [-6-] lizard to which it was not in any manner related. entirely to proceed with painstaking apologized One day while doing research at the Hunterian Museum in London, Mantell fell into conversation with a fellow researcher who told him the tooth looked very like those of animals he had been studying, South American iguanas. tropical 曼特爾意識(shí)到，自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)徹底推翻人們對(duì)過(guò)去的認(rèn)識(shí)。威廉?巴克蘭--那位身穿長(zhǎng)袍、愛好試驗(yàn)的學(xué)者--也勸他小心行事。因此，曼特爾花了3年時(shí)間，努力尋找支持自己的結(jié)論的證據(jù)。他把牙齒送交巴黎的居維葉，征求他的看法，但那位偉大的法國(guó)人輕描淡寫地認(rèn)為，那只不過(guò)是河馬的牙齒。（居維葉姿態(tài)很高，后來(lái)為這個(gè)不常犯的錯(cuò)誤道了歉。）有一天，曼特爾在倫敦的亨特博物館作研究，跟一位同事攀談起來(lái)。那位同事對(duì)他說(shuō)，它看上去很像是他一直在研究的那種動(dòng)物--南美鬣蜥的牙齒。他們馬上進(jìn)行了比較，確認(rèn)了它們的相似之處。于是，曼特爾手里的動(dòng)物以熱帶一種愛曬太陽(yáng)的蜥蜴命名，被叫做禽龍。其實(shí)，二者之間沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽寫，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

就是人們常常把災(zāi)變論和水成論互相混淆的原因。災(zāi)變論尤其迎合巴克蘭這樣的教士的心理，這樣他們可以把《圣經(jīng)》里諾亞時(shí)代的洪水納入嚴(yán)肅的科學(xué)討論。均變論者恰恰相反，認(rèn)為地球上的變化是逐漸形成的，幾乎所

出了絕種的理論。他認(rèn)為，地球不時(shí)經(jīng)歷全球性的災(zāi)難；在此過(guò)程中，一批批的生物徹底死亡。對(duì)于宗教人士來(lái)說(shuō)，包括居維葉本人，這種看法具有令人不快的含義，因?yàn)檫@意味著上帝是捉摸不定的，莫名其妙的。上帝創(chuàng)造了物種，然后又消滅這些物種，他究

牛頓因?yàn)椤对怼芬粫隽嗣讌s遇到了麻煩。要不到該書的關(guān)鍵篇章還失去了工作報(bào)酬~~ ?《萬(wàn)物簡(jiǎn)史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱: 書本的朗讀語(yǔ)音很charming的磁性英音~~~大家可以好好學(xué)著模仿哦~~~?。?因?yàn)樵鵀槊绹?guó)人所寫,單詞采用美式拼法,不抄全文,然后聽寫單詞或詞組(用[-No-]表示)以及句子(用[---No---]表示)。請(qǐng)邊聽寫邊理解文意，根據(jù)上下文注意各句標(biāo)號(hào)，這樣有助于提高正確率。 Hints: frantic flattery erratic The Royal Society The History of Fishes Principia's production was not without drama. To Halley's horror, just as work was nearing completion Newton and Hooke fell into [-1-]over the priority for the inverse square law and Newton refused to release the crucial third [-2-], without which the first two made little sense. [---3---] Halley's traumas were not yet quite over. [---4---] The year before the society had backed a costly flop called The History of Fishes , and they now [-5-]that the market for a book on mathematical principles would be less than clamorous. Halley, whose means were not great, paid for the book's publication out of his own pocket. Newton, as was his custom, contributed nothing. [-6-], Halley at this time had just accepted a position as the society's clerk, and he was informed that the society could no longer afford to provide him with a promised salary of ￡50 per annum. [---7---] dispute volume Only with some frantic shuttle diplomacy and the most liberal applications of flattery did Halley manage finally to extract the concluding volume from the erratic professor. The Royal Society had promised to publish the work, but now pulled out, citing financial embarrassment. suspected To make matters worse He was to be paid instead in copies of The History of Fishes. 《原理》的產(chǎn)生不是不帶戲劇性的。令哈雷感到震驚的是，當(dāng)這項(xiàng)工作快要完成的時(shí)候，牛頓和胡克為誰(shuí)先發(fā)明了平方反比定律吵了起來(lái)，牛頓拒絕公開關(guān)鍵的第三卷，而沒(méi)有這一卷，前面兩卷就意義不大。只是在進(jìn)行了緊張的穿梭外交，說(shuō)了許多好話以后，哈雷才最后設(shè)法從那位脾氣怪僻的教授那里索得了最后一卷。 　　哈雷的煩惱并沒(méi)有完全結(jié)束。英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)本來(lái)答應(yīng)出版這部作品，但現(xiàn)在打了退堂鼓，說(shuō)是財(cái)政有困難。前一年，該學(xué)會(huì)曾經(jīng)為《魚類史》下了賭注，該書成本很高，結(jié)果賠了老本；他們擔(dān)心一本關(guān)于數(shù)學(xué)原理的書不會(huì)有多大銷路。哈雷盡管不很富裕，還是自己掏錢支付了這萬(wàn)物簡(jiǎn)史本書的出版費(fèi)用。和以往一樣，牛頓分文不出。更糟糕的是，哈雷這時(shí)候剛剛接受學(xué)會(huì)的書記員的職位，他被告知，學(xué)會(huì)已經(jīng)無(wú)力給他答應(yīng)過(guò)的50英鎊年薪，只能用幾本《魚類史》來(lái)支付。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽寫，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

圖上幾乎沒(méi)有標(biāo)記，遠(yuǎn)離供給來(lái)源。但是，布格和孔達(dá)米納是堅(jiān)忍不拔的人。他們不屈不撓，不怕風(fēng)吹日曬，堅(jiān)持執(zhí)行任務(wù)，度萬(wàn)物過(guò)了漫長(zhǎng)的九年半時(shí)間。在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目快要完成的時(shí)候，他們突然得到消息，說(shuō)另一個(gè)法國(guó)考察隊(duì)在斯堪的納維亞半島北部進(jìn)行測(cè)量（面對(duì)自己的艱難困苦，從寸步難行的沼澤地，到危機(jī)四伏的浮冰），發(fā)現(xiàn)1度經(jīng)線在兩極附近果真要長(zhǎng)，正如牛頓斷言的那樣。地球在赤道地區(qū)的測(cè)量結(jié)果，要比環(huán)繞兩極從上到下測(cè)量的結(jié)果厚出43公里。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽寫，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

發(fā)了爭(zhēng)議。 　　這意味著，地球不是滴溜滾圓的。根據(jù)牛頓的學(xué)說(shuō)，地球自轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)生的離心力，造成兩極有點(diǎn)扁平，赤道有點(diǎn)鼓起。因此，這顆行星稍稍呈扁圓形。這意味著，1度經(jīng)線的長(zhǎng)度，在意大利和蘇格蘭是不相等的。說(shuō)得確切一點(diǎn)，離兩極越遠(yuǎn)，長(zhǎng)度越短。這對(duì)那些認(rèn)為地球是個(gè)滴溜滾圓的球體，并以此來(lái)測(cè)量這顆行星的人來(lái)說(shuō)不是個(gè)好消息。那些人就是大家。 　　在半個(gè)世紀(jì)的時(shí)間里，人們想要測(cè)算出地球的大小，大多使用很嚴(yán)格的測(cè)量方法。最先做這種嘗試的人當(dāng)中有一位英國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)家，名叫理查德?諾伍德。諾伍德在年輕時(shí)代曾帶著個(gè)按照哈雷的式樣制作的潛水鐘去過(guò)百慕大，想

斯基林和梅森11年前已經(jīng)成為朋友，他們?cè)粔K兒承擔(dān)一個(gè)測(cè)量一起重大天文事件的項(xiàng)目：金星凌日現(xiàn)象。不知疲倦的埃德蒙?哈雷幾年前已經(jīng)建議，要是在地球上