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2016年政府工作報(bào)告筆記（2）
數(shù)上，而是用
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（02）
靈活。除了用 one of the 結(jié)構(gòu)，還可以用 rank highest on / be on top / be among the best 等說法。 [cn]就業(yè)穩(wěn)，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1322 萬人，高于上年。 價(jià)格穩(wěn)，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格上漲 2%。 “進(jìn)”的總體特征是，發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和可持續(xù)性增強(qiáng)。[/cn][en]■ Employment remained robust, with 13.22 million new urban jobs created, which is higher than the figure for the previous year. ■ Prices were stable, with the CPI rising by 2%. ■ The underlying feature demonstrating progress is that our development is becoming better coordinated and more sustainable.[/en] 穩(wěn)字再換，這次用的是 robust，還有哪些穩(wěn)呢？ 立場很穩(wěn) have a firm stand 態(tài)度很穩(wěn) have a sedate attitude 穩(wěn)住陣腳 maintain one's position; attempt to hold one's ground 十拿九穩(wěn) practically certain 穩(wěn)贏 surely win the game “總體”用的是 underlying，這個(gè)詞也快成了萬金油，可以表示“潛在的”，也可以表示“基本的”、“根本的”，例如 He theorized that the underlying cause of the war was slavery. 他從理論上闡明這次戰(zhàn)爭的根本原因在于奴隸制度。從政府工作報(bào)告這個(gè)句子來說，把總體特征理解成基本特征，也可以講得通。 其他各種總體的說法還有 overall，total，master，例如: 總體規(guī)劃 master plan，overall plan，總體外交 total diplomacy，總體印象 overall impression，也可以用句子結(jié)構(gòu)體現(xiàn)，例如“總體上很好” It's been good altogether. “可持續(xù)性”這里比較常規(guī)，中文的各種性，基本上都可以譯成形容詞。比較滑稽的例子是見過某外企的安全規(guī)程，其中 “安全性" 譯成了 safety sex，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)還給簽了字。 可以借鑒的是“增強(qiáng)”的譯法，原文是動詞，譯文用 better 替換了。這個(gè)技巧很多人都知道，不過實(shí)際翻譯時(shí)可能會想不起來，還是要在練習(xí)中多實(shí)踐。?
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（45）
特定地點(diǎn)，在降水或融雪的沖刷作用下，通過徑流過程而匯入受納水體（包括河流、湖泊、水庫和海灣等）并引起有機(jī)污染、水體富營養(yǎng)化或有毒有害等其他形式的污染（陳吉寧，2004）。 [cn]推行環(huán)境污染第三方治理。做好環(huán)保稅立法工作。[/cn][en]We will introduce third party governance in the handling of environmental pollution. We will work on the legislation for environmental protection tax. [/en] 推行 introduce 做好······工作，這里做了很大簡化，只是用了work on，當(dāng)然也可以用更具體的措辭。 [cn]我們一定要嚴(yán)格環(huán)境執(zhí)法，對偷排偷放者出重拳，讓其付出沉重的代價(jià);對姑息縱容者嚴(yán)問貴，使其受到應(yīng)
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（03）
一般的巨浪（巨浪是核心） New type of urbanization 新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)（城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)是核心） [cn]中西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速快于東部地區(qū)。發(fā)展質(zhì)量有新的提升，一般公共預(yù)算收入增長 8.6%，研究與試驗(yàn)發(fā)展經(jīng)費(fèi)支出與國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值之比超過 2%，能耗強(qiáng)度下降 4.8%，是近年來最大降幅。[/cn][en]The central and western regions grew faster in economic terms than the eastern region. The quality of development was raised. Revenue in the general public budgets grew by 8.6%. Research and development spending accounted for more than 2% of the GDP. Energy intensity was cut by 4.8%, the biggest reduction made in recent years.[/en] 經(jīng)濟(jì)增速，譯法和之前中國的發(fā)展意義，舍棄所有格，改用 in economic terms，說明偏正短語（····的····）翻譯一定要靈活。后面的“一般公共預(yù)算收入” 亦同此理：Revenue in the general public budgets 支出，可以記住常用的譯法，spending，并不總是都
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（22）
美的一些文件也是這樣。連淑能《英漢對比研究》中有一章專門講過這類問題。短話說長是非常重要的生存技能。寫作文、面試或者演講時(shí)大家應(yīng)該有同感。 不過，這里說的不
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（30）
[cn]深化國企國資改革。準(zhǔn)確界定不同國有企業(yè)功能，分類推進(jìn)改革。[/cn][en]We will deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and state capital. We will push forward with targeted reform of SOEs on the basis of having clearly defined their functions.[/en] 國企 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 國資 state capital 準(zhǔn)確界定 clearly define 推進(jìn) push forward with [cn]加快國有資本投資公司、運(yùn)營公司試點(diǎn)，打造市場化運(yùn)作平臺，提高國有資本運(yùn)營效率。[/cn][en]We will move more swiftly in carrying out trials on establishing state capital investment companies and operating companies, create a market-based platform for state capital operations, and improve their performance.[/en] 加快 move more swiftly in ··· 加快也是報(bào)告的高頻詞，共
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（35）
[cn]堅(jiān)守耕地紅線，全面開展永久基本農(nóng)田劃定工作，實(shí)施耕地質(zhì)量保護(hù)與提升行動，推進(jìn)土地整治，增加深松土地 2 億畝。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)田水利基本建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)。[/cn][en]We will make sure that China’s arable land area does not fall below the red line of 120 million hectares. We will carry out work on designating permanent basic cropland throughout the country, launch
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（33）
調(diào)下 work to，全完出現(xiàn) 43 次，很多是用在句子相對短的地方。 維護(hù) uphold 推動·····擴(kuò)圍 work to promote expansion of 信息技術(shù)協(xié)定 Information Technology Agreement 國際談判 international talks 政府采購 government procurement [cn]加快實(shí)施自貿(mào)區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，盡早簽署中韓、中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定，加快中日韓自貿(mào)區(qū)談判，推動與海合會、以色列等自貿(mào)區(qū)談判，力爭完成中國——東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級談判和區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定談判，建設(shè)亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)。[/cn][en]We will move faster to implement the strategy of developing free trade zones, ensuring that agreements on free trade zones with the Republic of Korea and Australia are signed as soon as possible; stepping up negotiations on the China-Japan-RoK Free Trade Zone; working for progress in talks on free trade zones with the Gulf Cooperation Council and Israel; endeavoring to complete the talks on upgrading the China-ASEAN Free Trade Zone and on establishing the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership; and working to build the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Zone. [/en] 海合會 the Gulf Cooperation Council 力爭完成 endeavor to complete 推動與······談判 work for progress in talks with··· 區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系 Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership [cn]推進(jìn)中美、中歐投資協(xié)定談判。[/cn][en]We will continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union. [/en] [cn]中國是負(fù)責(zé)任、敢擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)膰?，我們愿做互利共贏發(fā)展理念的踐行者、全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的建設(shè)者、經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的推動者。[/cn][en]As a responsible and enterprising nation, China champions the vision of promoting mutually beneficial development, boosting the global economy, and encouraging economic globalization.[/en] 踐行者、建設(shè)者、推動者，這里沒有用名詞，而是用動詞，更加生動，可能也比較好翻。漢譯英不是字對字堆砌，多用這種句式轉(zhuǎn)化很有必要。 敢擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)?enterprising 理念 vision 互利共贏發(fā)展 mutually beneficial development Enterprising 更為人熟知的意思是“有開拓精神的; 有創(chuàng)新精神的” Champion 除了名詞冠軍，也有多重含義，比如可以表示“捍衛(wèi)、支持、擁護(hù)” He passionately championed the poor. 他曾熱情地捍衛(wèi)窮人。?
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（16）
[cn]我們大力推進(jìn)依法行政，國務(wù)院提請全國人大常委會制定修訂食品安全法等法律 15 件，制定修訂企業(yè)信息公示暫行條例等行政法規(guī) 38件。[/cn][en]In a major push to advance law-based government administration, the State Council submitted proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) on enacting or revising 15 laws including the Food Safety Law, and formulated or revised 38 sets of administrative regulations including the Provisional Regulations on Enterprise Information Disclosure.[/en] 依法行政 law-based government administration 行政法規(guī) administrative regulations 常委會 the Standing Committee 制定修訂 enact or revise / formulate or revise 又見大力，這次用的是 a major push 政府很喜歡用“大力”這個(gè)詞，今年的報(bào)告，出現(xiàn)了11次。 ① 大力調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) We channeled great energy into making adjustments in the structure of industry. ② 我們大力推進(jìn)依法行政 In a major push to advance law-based government administration ③ 大力盤活存量資金 redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use ④ 大力發(fā)展普惠金融 We will channel great energy into developing inclusive finance ⑤ 大力發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè) work hard to develop water-efficient agriculture. ⑥ 大力發(fā)展旅游、健康、養(yǎng)老、創(chuàng)意設(shè)計(jì)等生活和生產(chǎn)服務(wù)業(yè) channel great energy into developing tourism, health, elderly care, innovative design, and other better-living and production-related services. ⑦ 大力發(fā)展眾創(chuàng)空間 We will work hard to develop the right environment for creativity ⑧ 要大力發(fā)展風(fēng)電、光伏發(fā)電、生物質(zhì)能 we will put great weight behind the development of wind power, photovoltaic power, and biomass energy ⑨ 有中央政府一以貫之的大力支持 with the central government continuing its strong support [cn]政務(wù)公開深入推進(jìn)，政府重大決策和政策以多種形式向社會廣泛征求意見。完成第三次全國經(jīng)濟(jì)普查。改革信訪工作制度。[/cn][en]We took thorough steps to increase transparency in government operations, and used multiple means to widely solicit comments from the public on major government decisions and policies. The third national economic census was completed. We reformed the system for handling public complaints made in the form of letters or visits. [/en] 個(gè)人感覺后兩個(gè)小句可以合并，省略一個(gè)was，不過譯文還是分開說，可能是為了兩句意思的獨(dú)立。 信訪制度的譯法感覺有些冗長，新聞里經(jīng)
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2015年政府工作報(bào)告學(xué)習(xí)筆記（29）
最近幾篇摘選側(cè)重金融。一般考試不會考得太專業(yè)，很多名詞中文都不好理解，所以可以酌情積累。不過考試有風(fēng)格，工作生活使用卻沒有邊界，學(xué)有余力還是掌握越多越好。 [cn]推出存款保險(xiǎn)制度。推進(jìn)利率市場化改革，健全中央銀行利率調(diào)控框架。保持人民幣匯率處于合理均衡水平，增強(qiáng)人民幣匯率雙向浮動彈性。[/cn][en]A deposit insurance system will be established. We will further liberalize interest rates and improve the central bank’s framework
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