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在有直接影響并且還在進行的動作。 例如： He had been waiting for two weeks. He was still waiting.（有一個表示一段時間的狀語） She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考試之前一直患重感冒。 不過這個時態(tài)并不一定表示這個過去動作將持續(xù)下去： 例如： She came back at six. She had been waiting for him three hours.（六點時她已經沒有再等了） 而過去完成時（The Past Perfect Tense）表示過去某一時間或動作以前已經發(fā)生或完成對過去的某一點造成的某種影響或是結果。它表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”，側重事情的結果。 例如： I had finished reading the book by ten o'clock last night到昨晚10點鐘，我已經讀過去完成進行時完了這本書。 要想完全掌握這兩種時態(tài)，需得經過大量的練習，讀完這篇文章，請同學們趕緊拿起筆來，多多練習，爭取能正確合理地使用這兩種時態(tài)！

由 had 加動詞的過去分詞構成。 　　例句： 　　She said she had never been to Paris. 她說她從未去過巴黎。 　　When the police arrived,the thieves had run away. 警察到達時，小偷們早就跑了。 　　By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年，愛迪生開始自己謀生。

過去完成時的概念與結構特點 概念：過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發(fā)生或完成了的動作， 即"過去的過去需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時；另外，在 before ， after ， as soon as 引導的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經表示出時間的先后，因此也可以用過去時來代替過去完成時。如： He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. I (had) called her before I left the office. 專項練習題： 漢譯英 1.到上學期你們學會了多少首歌？ 2.到昨天晚上，他把這篇課文讀了三遍。 3.十點鐘前，我們到達了車站。 4.在他上中學之前，已學會了兩百多個英語單詞。 5.當我們到達電影院時，電影已經開始五分鐘了。 6.昨天找看見李平了。自從我們離開北京，就一直沒有見面。 7.我昨天沒有給魏華那本書，因為她已經為

的過去時間狀語作標志時，謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的時間先后須依據(jù)上下文來判斷：先發(fā)生的用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的則用一般過去時。 ? She?was?very?happy.?Her?whole?family?were?pleased?with?her,?too.?She?had?just?won?the?first?in?the?composition?competition.? 3.?當兩個或兩個以上接連發(fā)生的動作用?and?或?but?連接時，按時間順序，只需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時；另外，在?before?，?after?，?as?soon?as?引導的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經表示出時間

過去完成時。 The said the production costs had been reduced. The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake. （3）根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動作先后的被動語態(tài)，用過去完成時 （1）常用過去完成時的幾種情況： ①by, by the end, by the time, until, before, since后接表示過去某一時過去完成時。 As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet. He did what he had been told to 另：當從句由 after，before，when或 as soon as引導時，主句和從句都可以用一般過去時。 When he arrived, he called her. They locked the door before they left.

行時。[/cn]? I realised I had been working too hard so I decided to have a holiday. ? By the time Jane arrived we had been waiting for 3 hours. [en]NOTE[/en][cn]備注[/cn] [en]The most common mistake with the past perfect is to overuse it or to use it simply because we are talking about a time in the distant past.[/en][cn] 最常見的過度使用過去完成時的錯誤，就是僅僅是用它形容遙遠的過去的時間。[/cn]? The Romans had spoken Latin[en]Remember that we only use the past perfect when we want to refer to a past that is earlier than another time in the narrative.[/en][cn]請記住，我們用過去過去完成時只是用它來特指一個早于敘述的過去某時間的時間。[/cn]

行時往往表示動作在重復，現(xiàn)在完成時則常常不帶重復性。如： Have you been meeting her lately？（a） Have you met her lately？（b） （a）句有“經常相會”之意，（b）句則沒有。（b）句如與often，every day等時間狀語連用，當然也表示動作在重復。 （5）現(xiàn)在完成進完成時（Present perfect）過去發(fā)生并且已經完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果，過去某一時行時比較生動，有時含有明顯的感情色彩，而現(xiàn)在完成時往往只說明一個事實，一種影響或結果，平鋪直 敘，沒有什么感情色彩可言。如： What have you been doing？（a） What have you done？（b） （a）句表示驚異。（b）句只是一個問題。 Have you been waiting long？（a） Have you waited long？（b） （a）句較（b）句生動。又，（a）句比較口語化。 I have been wanting to meet you for long．（a） I have long wanted to meet you．（b） （a）句比（b）句更親切，更有禮貌。 Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly．（a） Recently Mary has done her work regularly．（b） （a）句顯然是在表揚瑪麗。（b）只說明一個事實。 下面還有一例，頗為有趣: Who's been eating my apples？（a） Who's eaten my apples？（b） （a）句有強烈的感情色彩，表示憤怒不滿，（b）句只是希望回答的一個問題。又，（a）句兼有進行時態(tài)，所以有“蘋果未 被全部吃光”的意思，（b）句是完成時態(tài)，說明“蘋果一個不剩了”。?

過去完成進行時作過。 He had worked before he decided to go to college. 3.我寫這篇有關愛爾蘭的小說以前，曾去過愛爾蘭。 I had been to Ireland before I wrote this book about Ireland's people. 4.我在上大學以前，已經學過微積分。 I had studied calculus before I got into college. 5. 周一以前，已經下過雪了。 It had already snowed before Monday. 三、如果我們要強調較早發(fā)生事件的連續(xù)性，我們可以用過去完成進行式。過去完成進行時和過去完成時惟一不同的地方是 had done 的地方一定要用had been doing 。以下是一些過去完成進行式的例子： 1. I had been watching TV before you called me. 2. I had been

過去完成時是考試中必不少的題型，想知道你學得怎么樣？想了解你掌握得是否踏實，快來測測吧。

過去完成時是考試中必不少的題型，想知道你學得怎么樣？想了解你掌握得是否踏實，快來測測吧。