選擇題是雅思閱讀中最為常見(jiàn)的一類(lèi)題型，二雅思閱讀選擇題也分為單選題和多選題。下面，小編給大家做個(gè)詳細(xì)解析，大家可以作為參考。

　　一、出題特點(diǎn)

　　(1) 細(xì)節(jié)型題目。選擇題除了位于題目末尾的全篇主旨題和title題考查考生對(duì)全文大意的理解外，主要考查的是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)信息的定位和理解，也就是說(shuō)，考生根據(jù)題干信息在原文中找到相關(guān)信息，只要精讀該部分信息即可確定答案。

　　(2) 順序原則。選擇題的題目基本遵循順序原則，因此可以從最好定位的那道題入手，進(jìn)而推出相鄰題目的位置。

　　(3) 多選題答案相對(duì)集中。綜觀雅思閱讀真題，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)絕大多數(shù)多選題的答案都是集中出現(xiàn)的，一般集中在幾段之內(nèi)，考生只要定位到一道題的答案，剩下的題目一定就在附近。因此多選題其實(shí)比單選題簡(jiǎn)單，基本上可以做到一次定位全部確定。

　　(4) 同義轉(zhuǎn)換仍是考點(diǎn)。在選擇題中，絕大多數(shù)選項(xiàng)和原文都存在著同義轉(zhuǎn)換的關(guān)系，如surprised對(duì)應(yīng)be taken aback, to represent movement對(duì)應(yīng)to show motion, domestic buildings對(duì)應(yīng)dwellings, shape對(duì)應(yīng)round/square等，這便增加了選擇的難度。

　　(5) 選項(xiàng)干擾性強(qiáng)。眾所周知，做選擇題的一個(gè)很重要的方法就是排除法，即排除干擾選項(xiàng)，但是這個(gè)排除的過(guò)程卻不容易，很多考生常常在排除剩下的兩個(gè)答案時(shí)，猶豫不決，很難做出正確的選擇。

　　二、做題方法

　　Step 1.閱讀題目要求，看是單選還是多選，如是多選，選幾項(xiàng)，還要注意多選題的每一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)占用一個(gè)題號(hào)，在謄寫(xiě)答題紙的時(shí)候要注意。

　　Step 2.閱讀題干，標(biāo)出定位詞。對(duì)于定位詞而言，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)首選形式上較為特殊的一些詞，如專(zhuān)有名詞(人名、地名等)，時(shí)間/數(shù)字，特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)(如引號(hào)，連字符等)，貨幣符號(hào)，長(zhǎng)難單詞，如果題干中并未出現(xiàn)以上特殊詞匯，則選擇題干中的名詞/名詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞。

　　例如劍四Test2Passage2 Alternative medicine in Australia:

　　Question 14 and 15

　　Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

　　Write your answers in boxes 14 and 15 on your answer sheet.

　　14.Traditionally, how have Australian doctors differed from doctors in many Western countries?

　　A. They have worked closely with pharmaceutical companies.

　　B. They have often worked alongside other therapists.

　　C. They have been reluctant to accept alternative therapists.

　　D. They have regularly prescribed alternative remedies.

　　15. In 1990, Americans

　　A. were prescribed more herbal medicines than in previous years.

　　B. consulted alternative therapists more often than doctors.

　　C. spent more on natural therapies than orthodox medicines.

　　D. made more complaints about doctors than in previous years.

　　分析14題的題干，其定位詞應(yīng)為Australian doctors, differ from, doctors in many Western countries, 通過(guò)定位詞則很容易將這道題目定位到段句話。

　　15題的定位詞則更明顯，1990, Americans, 定位到文章段的最后一句話。

　　注：有時(shí)候題干中并沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)定位詞，則必須通過(guò)選項(xiàng)來(lái)定位。

　　如：According to the reading passage, which of the following is true? 像這樣的題目只能通過(guò)從選項(xiàng)中挑出關(guān)鍵詞然后去原文中定位。

　　Step 3.閱讀選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞。選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞即為選項(xiàng)所描述信息的主題，多為名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)。例如上面的第15題，對(duì)于每個(gè)選項(xiàng)可標(biāo)出如下關(guān)鍵詞：

　　A. more herbal medicines

　　B. consulted alternative therapists

　　C. spent more on natural therapies

　　D. more complaints

　　Step 4.回原文讀相關(guān)段落確定答案，正確答案常常是原文相關(guān)詞句的同義改寫(xiě)。通過(guò)前兩步標(biāo)定位詞和關(guān)鍵詞可大致確定題目出自哪個(gè)段落，接下來(lái)就需要讀原文某段或者某幾句話，通過(guò)對(duì)比關(guān)鍵詞和原文來(lái)確定答案。如上文中第14題，原文中的表達(dá)為… having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, 通過(guò)conservative attitude(保守的態(tài)度)一詞可推出正確答案為C, 對(duì)應(yīng)reluctant(不情愿的)。

　　在做選擇題時(shí)一個(gè)非常有效的方法就是排除法，即排除干擾選項(xiàng)來(lái)確定答案。那么排除干擾項(xiàng)的方法有哪些呢?

　　a. TWINS原則--與原文在用詞選擇上極為相近的選項(xiàng)通常是干擾項(xiàng)，一般可予以排除。

　　例如劍4Test1Passage3:

　　28. The writer was surprised because the blind woman

　　A. drew a circle on her own initiative.

　　B. did not understand what a wheel look like.

　　C. included a symbol representing movement.

　　D. was the first person to use lines of motion.

　　定位原文為：

　　From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig. 1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration. Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.

　　分析：A選項(xiàng)幾乎與原文一樣(… a blind woman….decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel), 但是往下讀會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者吃驚的原因并不是因?yàn)槊と藡D女自己畫(huà)了一個(gè)圈，而是因?yàn)闉榱孙@示這種運(yùn)動(dòng)，她又在圈里面畫(huà)了一個(gè)曲線(to show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle)。正確選項(xiàng)C與原文形成同義轉(zhuǎn)換：included—traced, representing—show, movement—motion. 此方法對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)較為薄弱，對(duì)原文意思較難理解的同學(xué)比較適合，可以通過(guò)排除，提高正確選項(xiàng)的概率。

　　b. 含有太過(guò)絕對(duì)詞語(yǔ)的選項(xiàng)通常是干擾項(xiàng)，一般可排除。

　　例如劍5Test 1Passage1:

　　Which THREE of the followingstatements aretrue of Johnson’s Dictionary?

　　A. It avoided all scholarly words.

　　B. It was the only English dictionary in general usefor 200 years.

　　C. It was famous because of the large number ofpeople involved.

　　D. It focused mainly on language from contemporary texts.

　　E. There was a time limit for its completion.

　　F. It ignored work done by previous dictionary writers.

　　G. It took into account subtleties of meaning.

　　H. Its definitions were famous for their originality.

　　分析：選項(xiàng)A和B中包含絕對(duì)詞(all, the only), 因此是干擾選項(xiàng)的概率比較大，考生去原文中尋找并未發(fā)現(xiàn)此類(lèi)絕對(duì)的描述，所以可以排除掉。

　　以上就是小編為大家分享的“雅思閱讀選擇題解析”，希望可以給大家在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中帶來(lái)幫助，如果需要了解更多的雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)資訊，可以登錄滬江網(wǎng)。