1.While in the past universities have often focused on student social life and attractions of the university town in recruitment campaigns, they are now concentrating on more tangible（實在的）attractions, such as employment prospects, engagement with industry, and lecturer contact hours, making clear exactly what students are going to get for their money.

句的剖析?

句子主干：…they are now concentrating on more tangible attractions…

成分分析：

①While引導比較狀語從句。

②such as…hours做賓補。

③making…for their money是現(xiàn)在分詞作結果狀語。其中what引導的名詞性從句作making的賓語。

詞的講解?

attraction?????? n. 吸引力，吸引人的事物

recruitment??? n. 招聘

campaign?????? n. 運動，宣傳活動

prospect??????? n. 前景，前途

句的翻譯?

過去，大學在招生活動中常常把關注的重點放在學生的社交生活和大學城的吸引力上；而現(xiàn)在則關注一些更切實的吸引力，如就業(yè)前景、與行業(yè)的密切程度以及與導師的交流時間，明確說明學生交了學費后將會得到什么。

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2.After being dogged by technical delays for years, Sir Richard Branson, Virgin Galactic’s founder, had recently suggested that a SpaceShipTwo craft would carry its first paying customers as soon as February 2015.

句的剖析?

句子主干：Sir Richard Branson…had recently suggested that…

成分分析：

①After being dogged by technical delays for years是時間狀語，當從句主語和主句主語一致時，可以省略從句的主語，從而形成after doing的結構。

②Virgin Galactic’s founder是Sir Richard Branson的同位語，解釋說明理查德·布蘭森爵士的身份。

③that引導的從句作suggested的賓語，因此that引導的是一個賓語從句。

④paying是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾customers。

詞的講解?

dog??? v. （問題或噩運）長期困擾，緊隨

??????????? 【例】a dog’s life 苦難的生活

craft?? n. 航天器，宇宙飛船

句的翻譯?

數(shù)年來一直困擾于技術延誤的維珍銀河公司創(chuàng)始人理查德·布蘭森爵士，近來表明“太空船2號”飛行器最快將于2015年2月載運其第一批付費乘客。

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3.Kapur points out that while the model adopted by many teachers when introducing students to new knowledge-providing lots of structure and guidance early on, until the students show that they can do it on their own-makes intuitive sense, it may not be the best way to promote learning.

句的剖析?

句子主干：Kapur points out that…

成分分析：

①? 本句是一個含有賓語從句的主從復合句。在主句中，主語是Kapur，謂語是points out，賓語是that引導的賓語從句。

②? 賓語從句的主干是while the model…makes intuitive sense…, it may not be the best way to promote learning.在該賓語從句中，有一個while引導的讓步狀語從句。

③? adopted by many teachers為過去分詞短語作后置定語修飾model。

④? when introducing students to new knowledge為時間狀語從句，說明謂語動詞adopted發(fā)生的時間。

⑤? 兩個破折號之間的成分為方式狀語，補充說明while引導的讓步狀語從句。

詞的講解?

guidance??? n. 指導

intuitive???? adj. 直覺的

adopt??????? v. 采取，采用

句的翻譯?

Kapur指出，很多老師向?qū)W生講述新知識時，最開始都會給學生提供大量的知識框架和指導，指導學生能獨立完成。雖然這種模式從直觀上看似乎有道理，但并不是促進學習最好的方式。