be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)用法詳解
3.1 be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)
3.1.1 be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)的構(gòu)成
肯定句:主語 + be動(dòng)詞的過去式(was/were)...
否定句:主語 + be動(dòng)詞的過去式(was/were) + not...
疑問句:be動(dòng)詞的過去式(Was/Were) + 主語...?
疑問代詞/疑問副詞 + was/were + 主詞...?
3.1.2 be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)的肯定句
句型:主語 + was/were...
be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)由“主語 + be動(dòng)詞的過去式(was/were) + 表語”構(gòu)成:
I was here yesterday.昨天我在這里。
We were hungry.我們當(dāng)時(shí)餓了。
The concert was last night.音樂會(huì)在昨晚舉行。
The biggest problem was that we didn't have enough time.最大的問題是我們當(dāng)時(shí)沒有足夠的時(shí)間。
There were some students on the campus.校園里有一些學(xué)生。
比較be動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在式和過去式:
【注意】 there is/are句型的一般過去時(shí)為there was/were。
3.1.3 be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)的否定句
句型:主語 + was/were + not...
be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)是在be動(dòng)詞過去式was/were后面加上not。否定式的was not,were not大多使用縮寫形式wasn't(讀作/′w znt/)和weren't(讀作/w nt/):
I was not here yesterday.昨天我不在這里。
He wasn't busy the other day.前幾天他不忙。
There weren't any students in the classroom.教室里一個(gè)學(xué)生也沒有。
3.1.4 be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)的一般疑問句
句型:Was/Were + 主語...?
回答方式:Yes,主語 + was/were...
No,主語 + wasn't/weren't...
be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)是將be動(dòng)詞過去式was/were置于主語之前(大寫was/were的第一個(gè)字母),在句尾加問號;這種語序是主語和謂語倒裝語序:
Were you here yesterday? —Yes,I was.你昨天在這里嗎? ——是,我在。
Was there any water in the river then? —Yes,there was./No,there wasn't.那時(shí)那條河里有過水嗎? ——是的,有過。/不,沒有。
Were your parents pleased to hear about your new job? —Yes,they were./No,they weren't.你父母聽說你有了新工作后,他們高興嗎? ——是。/不是。
3.1.5 be動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)的特殊疑問句
句型:疑問代詞(主語)/疑問限定詞的名詞詞組(主語) + was/were...?
疑問代詞/疑問副詞 + was/were + 主語...?
就主語提問時(shí),將疑問代詞或帶有疑問限定詞的名詞詞組置于be動(dòng)詞過去式was/were之前(was/were的第一個(gè)字母無需大寫),和一般疑問句差不多,在句尾加問號;這種語序是陳述句語序。就表語提問時(shí),則以一個(gè)疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭,之后是“be動(dòng)詞過去式was/were + 主語”,在句尾加問號;這種語序是主語和謂語倒裝語序:
Who was here yesterday? —I was here yesterday.昨天誰在這里? ——昨天我在這里。(就主語提問)
How many people were present at the meeting? 參加會(huì)議的有多少人? (就主語提問)
How was your trip to London? 你倫敦之行過得怎樣? (就表語提問)
What was the weather like yesterday? —Yesterday it rained all day.昨天天氣怎樣? —昨天下了一天雨。(疑問代詞what就表語提問)
Where were you yesterday afternoon? —I was at home all after-noon.你昨天下午在哪兒? ——整個(gè)下午我都在家。(疑問副詞where就表語提問)
be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)句型的比較,以it為主語: