世界各國(guó)都是怎樣慶祝新年的?
作者:一只西柚
2018-02-11 11:32
Who doesn’t welcome second chances? Every New Year’s Eve, a theme of new beginnings–along with finding prosperity, love and good health within the next 365 days–plays out around the world in different ways.
誰(shuí)不喜歡能有第二次機(jī)會(huì)?每到新年前夕,大家都要慶祝新的開(kāi)始——在未來(lái)的365天里,重新尋找繁榮、愛(ài)和健康——在世界各地以不同的方式上演。
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The US, Canada, and most other countries welcome the New Year with celebrations–parades, fireworks and lively merrymaking until tiring out in the wee hours. Certain cultures stand out from the rest in how they ring in the New Year. The popular American image of screaming along with a mob in Times Square while standing in the freezing cold, waiting to watch a ball drop to the tune of Auld Lang Syne seems quite ordinary compared to the imaginative and unusual customs you’re about to read.
美國(guó)、加拿大和其他大多數(shù)國(guó)家都慶祝新年——游行、煙火和熱鬧的狂歡,直到凌晨。有一些國(guó)家的慶祝方式比較獨(dú)特。美國(guó)人的方式是在時(shí)代廣場(chǎng),站在冰冷的寒風(fēng)中,和大家一起尖叫倒數(shù),伴隨著《友誼地久天長(zhǎng)》的曲調(diào),等待大球落下。這與接下來(lái)你將看到的其他不尋常的習(xí)俗相比,顯得相當(dāng)普通。
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Spain 西班牙
Get ready for “Las doce uvas de la suerte,” or “The twelve grapes of luck.” ?As the clock strikes midnight, Spaniards eat 12 grapes, one grape for each toll of the bell and for each month of the year. ?Grape consumption is symbolic of prosperity and happiness, not to mention a gesture to ward off evil. The grape-eating tradition dates back to the early 1900s when the Spanish king shared his bountiful harvest with the people on New Year’s Eve.
準(zhǔn)備好十二顆幸運(yùn)的葡萄。在午夜鐘聲敲響的時(shí)候,西班牙人吃12顆葡萄,每一顆葡萄代表一次和一個(gè)月。葡萄象征著繁榮和幸福,也有驅(qū)除邪惡的意思。這種吃葡萄的傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到20世紀(jì)初,那是的西班牙國(guó)王在新年前夜與人們分享他的豐收。
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Mexico, Colombia, etc. 墨西哥、哥倫比亞等
Eating grapes isn’t only a tradition in Spain. People all over Latin America do this, too. They also get a bucket of water and dump it out the window to signify throwing out the old year and ushering in the new. Some people in Latin American countries, especially Mexico and Columbia, also have a tradition of carrying suitcases around the block (or at least around the living room) to welcome new and exciting travels in the coming year. At the stroke of midnight, it’s also tradition to sweep 12 coins into the house from the outside to signify prosperity. Colored underwear donned by women is also part of the Latin American tradition: ?Red means love and passion; yellow is for prosperity and happiness; green is for wealth and well-being; and white is for hope and peace. “Un a?o más” is sung at the stroke of midnight: One year more.
吃葡萄不僅僅是西班牙的傳統(tǒng)。拉丁美洲的人們也這么做。他們還拿了一桶水,把它扔出窗外,表示扔掉舊年,迎接新的一年。一些拉丁美洲國(guó)家的人,特別是墨西哥和哥倫比亞,也有帶著行李箱在街區(qū)周?chē)?或者至少是在客廳周?chē)?游蕩的傳統(tǒng),來(lái)迎接新的、令人興奮的旅行。在午夜鐘聲敲響的時(shí)候,從外面把12枚硬幣從外面掃到房子里以示繁榮也是一種傳統(tǒng)。女人穿的彩色內(nèi)衣也是拉丁美洲傳統(tǒng)的一部分:紅色意味著愛(ài)和激情;黃色代表繁榮和幸福;綠色代表財(cái)富和幸福;白色代表希望與和平。在午夜鐘聲敲響的時(shí)候,人們唱著“Un ano mas”。
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Panama巴拿馬
If you find yourself fantasizing about setting fire to a public figure or politician you’re sick of, then you might enjoy the holiday season and particularly the New Year’s Eve celebration in Panama. Think for a moment about that person you’d like to see disappear. Then, imagine making a papier-mache life-size statue of him, placing him on your lawn for the holiday season, and then capping off the season by burning him up in a bonfire (or with an explosion of fireworks) on New Year’s Eve. Setting ablaze the mu?ecos is symbolic for driving off evil spirits and getting the next year off to a fresh start.
如果你幻想著在討厭的公眾人物或政客面前放火,那么你可能會(huì)喜歡巴拿馬的假期和新年。想一下那個(gè)你想要消失的人。然后,想象自己制作一尊他的真人大小的雕像,把他放在你的草坪上過(guò)節(jié),然后在除夕夜用篝火(或者煙花爆竹)把他燒掉??v火是驅(qū)除邪靈的象征,并使下一年重新開(kāi)始。
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Chile 智利
While discussing Latin American countries, Chile shares the above traditions, with an interesting addition which makes them worth mentioning: the tradition of graveyard camps. Many of the locals in Talca, central Chile, prefer to ring in the new year in the company of their dead relatives. A tradition thought to have originated when a family broke into a graveyard one year to be near their dead father, the mayor now opens the graveyard after late-night mass, when thousands sit surrounded by candles and the sounds of classical music plays.
除了其他與拉丁美洲國(guó)家一樣的習(xí)俗外,智利還有一項(xiàng)特殊的活動(dòng):墓地露營(yíng)。在智利中部的Talca,許多當(dāng)?shù)厝烁矚g在他們死去親人的陪伴下度過(guò)新年。這個(gè)習(xí)俗源于一個(gè)家庭在父親去世近一年后闖入了父親的墓地?,F(xiàn)在,市長(zhǎng)在深夜的彌撒后打開(kāi)墓地,成千上萬(wàn)的人圍坐在蠟燭旁,一起聆聽(tīng)古典音樂(lè)。
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Germany 德國(guó)
Like the universality of fireworks and champagne, ‘The 90th Birthday, or Dinner for One‘ is the name of an 18-minute sketch by English comedian Freddie Frinton and a TV program which has become a New Year’s Eve institution in Germany, shown every year since 1963. And talk about irony: Dinner for One and its famous line, ‘The same procedure as every year, James!’, known by most everyone in Germany and associated with New Year’s Eve, are almost completely unknown in England.
就像各國(guó)都有煙花和香檳一樣,“90歲生日,或一個(gè)人享受一頓晚餐”是由英國(guó)喜劇演員弗萊迪?弗林頓(Freddie Frinton)創(chuàng)作的18分鐘的小品,同時(shí)也是德國(guó)新年前夜的一項(xiàng)固定電視節(jié)目,自1963年以來(lái)每年都在播放。有一點(diǎn)比較諷刺的:這部小品和其中的著名臺(tái)詞“和每年一樣的程序,詹姆斯!”在德國(guó)人盡皆知的除夕夜的名句,在英國(guó)也是無(wú)人不知。
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Greece 希臘
In Greece, the Pothariko–or “the first foot”– is a popular tradition on New Year’s Eve. A person is chosen to enter the house first to set the stage of good fortune for the new year. A few stipulations: the person must be a good natured sort in order to spread their good fortune throughout the household. Next, the lucky person chosen must enter the house with their right foot first, which is symbolic for things going “right” in the new year. Once in the house, the lucky person smashes a pomegranate to the floor while wishing for health, happiness and good fortune in the near year to all who live there. Another tradition in Greece is to bake a coin into a cake; whomever has the coin in their slice is said to have extra good luck in the new year.
在希臘,Pothariko(意為“第一只腳”)是新年前夜的傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng)。一個(gè)人被選擇先進(jìn)入房子,為新的一年創(chuàng)造好運(yùn)氣。一些規(guī)定:這個(gè)人必須是一個(gè)善良的人,以便在整個(gè)家庭中傳播他們的好運(yùn)。其次,幸運(yùn)的人必須先用右腳進(jìn)入房子,這象征著在新的一年里一切都“好”。(英文中right既有“右邊”的意思也有“好、正確”的意思)。在房子里,幸運(yùn)的人會(huì)把一個(gè)石榴摔到地板上,同時(shí)希望在這一年里,所有住在那里的人都能得到健康、幸福和好運(yùn)。希臘的另一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)是烤蛋糕時(shí)放進(jìn)一塊硬幣,吃到硬幣的人在新的一年里會(huì)有好運(yùn)。
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Johannesburg, South Africa (南非)約翰內(nèi)斯堡
I hate that end table so much, I could throw it out the window! Some people do exactly that. In neighborhoods of Johannesburg, particularly in the Hillbrow area, on New Year’s Eve, residents know that donating to a thrift shop isn’t the only way to rid themselves of cast offs. These residents ring in the New Year by throwing their unwanted belongings out the window (usually appliances and furniture). Gentrification efforts and police crackdowns may finally be putting an end to this age-old tradition of falling furniture and airborne appliances in Johannesburg—symbolically and literally ringing in the New Year by unburdening themselves of rusty stoves and Herculon chairs.
我很討厭那張桌子,我可以把它扔出窗外!有些人就是這么做的。在約翰內(nèi)斯堡的社區(qū),特別是在山區(qū),在除夕夜,居民們知道,除了把廢舊家具捐給雜貨店并不是擺脫他們的唯一辦法。這些居民在新年時(shí)把他們不想要的東西扔出窗外(通常是電器和家具)。城市紳士化和警察的鎮(zhèn)壓也許最終會(huì)結(jié)束這一古老的傳統(tǒng),約翰內(nèi)斯堡的新年前夜再也看不到掉落的家具和設(shè)備--象征著用卸下生銹的火爐和椅子敲響新年的鐘聲。
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North Carolina, United States(美國(guó))北卡羅來(lái)納州
The town of Brasstown, North Carolina, pays tribute to the New Year with a “possum drop,” which involves what you might expect: lowering a captured possum (very carefully in a transparent box) at midnight over a noisy crowd (like that big ball in Times Square). A controversial event, possum dropping continues today, although it has been widely protested by PETA and other animal welfare groups. A documentary has been made about it. It should also come as no surprise that Brasstown is known as “the possum capital of the world.”
北卡羅萊納的Brasstown鎮(zhèn),以“負(fù)鼠墜落”的方式向新年致敬:在午夜時(shí)分,在嘈雜的人群中(就像在時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)),將一只被捕獲的負(fù)鼠(非常小心地放在透明的盒子里)慢慢放下。盡管PETA(善待動(dòng)物組織)和其他動(dòng)物福利組織已經(jīng)舉行了抗議活動(dòng),但這一項(xiàng)有爭(zhēng)議的活動(dòng)仍在繼續(xù)。關(guān)于這件事已經(jīng)拍了一部紀(jì)錄片。Brasstown被稱(chēng)為“世界負(fù)鼠之都”也就不足為奇了。
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Denmark 丹麥
There are few times when it’s socially acceptable in Danish culture to throw old plates and glassware against the doors of friends’ and relatives’ houses to show a little love. New Year’s Eve is a notable exception to the rule. The Danish New Year’s Eve extravaganza also includes standing on chairs and jumping off them in unison at 12 a.m. ?This literal leap into the New Year is symbolic for… take a guess… good luck in the next 365 days.
在丹麥文化中,人們很少有機(jī)會(huì)把舊盤(pán)子和玻璃器皿扔到朋友和親戚家里的門(mén)上,以示愛(ài)意。除夕夜是一個(gè)明顯的例外。丹麥新年前夜的狂歡活動(dòng)還包括站在椅子上,在12點(diǎn)的時(shí)候一起跳下椅子。這個(gè)象征著…猜猜…祝你未來(lái)365天都有好運(yùn)氣。
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Romania 羅馬尼亞
A most unusual Romanian tradition may trigger images of Doctor Dolittle: farmers try to hear their animals talk in human language. If the farmers fail, they’ll have good luck in the new year. Mask dances are another colorful Romanian tradition, symbolizing death of the old year and birth of the new. Masks representing the animal world include goats, horses and, most remarkably, bears. The “dance of the bear” features incredibly detailed costumes. A drum beat accompanies the performance.
一個(gè)最不尋常的羅馬尼亞傳統(tǒng)可能令大家想到怪醫(yī)杜立德:農(nóng)民試圖聽(tīng)到他們的動(dòng)物用人類(lèi)語(yǔ)言說(shuō)話。如果農(nóng)民失敗了,他們?cè)谛碌囊荒昀飼?huì)有好運(yùn)。面具舞蹈是羅馬尼亞的另一種傳統(tǒng),象征著舊年的逝去和新年的到來(lái)。代表動(dòng)物世界的面具包括山羊、馬,最引人注目的是熊?!靶苤琛币笪枵叽┥戏浅>碌姆b。演出中還會(huì)有鼓聲。
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United States and Canada (select provinces) 美國(guó)及加拿大特定地區(qū)
In the United States and in parts of Canada, New Year’s Day means it’s time for the annual Polar Bear Plunge. ?Braving chilly temperatures and fierce winds, the Polar Bears take their January 1st plunge into freezing lakes and rivers. According to tradition, any plunge which takes place close to midnight on December 31st will bring the diver good luck. Anyone can participate, and pro divers (as well as fire departments) are always on hand in case of an emergency.
在美國(guó)和加拿大的部分地區(qū),元旦的傳統(tǒng)之一是跳水。面對(duì)寒冷的天氣和凜冽的寒風(fēng),北極熊在1月1日的時(shí)候,跳入冰冷的湖泊和河流中。根據(jù)傳統(tǒng),在12月31日接近午夜時(shí)分跳水會(huì)給潛水員帶來(lái)好運(yùn)。任何人都可以參加,而且專(zhuān)業(yè)潛水員(以及消防部門(mén))會(huì)隨時(shí)待命,以防出現(xiàn)緊急情況。
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Siberia 西伯利亞
In Siberia, divers take the Polar Bear Plunge a step further—they carry trees. Participation is limited to professional divers only, who cut a hole in the ice covering Lake Baikal and swim to the lake’s bottom while carrying a New Year’s tree for underwater planting.
在西伯利亞,潛水者要做的就更多了——他們扛著樹(shù)。這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)只有專(zhuān)業(yè)的潛水者才能參加,大家在貝加爾湖的冰層上挖洞,然后帶著新年的樹(shù)去水下種植,一直游到湖底。
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No matter your New Year’s traditions, thank goodness for a second chance to begin a new year.
無(wú)論你的新年傳統(tǒng)是什么,你都有機(jī)會(huì)重新開(kāi)始了。