Just because you’re a recent college grad or a career changer doesn’t mean you can’t ask for a pay bump.
僅僅因?yàn)槟闶且粋€(gè)剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生,或者剛換了個(gè)工作,但這并不意味著你不能要求加薪。

If there’s one thing that’s arguably more nerve-wracking than a job interview, it’s negotiating your salary. And if you’re a recent graduate or someone who wants to change careers, the stakes can feel even higher. How are you supposed to convince someone you’re worth more when you have next to no experience?
可以說(shuō)如果有什么事比面試更傷腦筋,那一定是談判薪水了。如果你是剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生,或者想轉(zhuǎn)行的人,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能會(huì)更高。當(dāng)你在這行幾乎沒(méi)有任何經(jīng)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候,你該怎么說(shuō)服別人你值得被支付更高的薪水呢?
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When you’re just starting out you might feel like you have to accept the first offer, but if you do you’re doing yourself a massive financial disservice. As Fast Company‘s Lydia Dishman reports in a previous story, not negotiating your starting salary can set you back more than $500,000 by the time you reach 60. It’s also common practice for companies tolowball initial offers, because they expect that jobseekers will negotiate.
剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候,你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得必須接受對(duì)方第一次提出的薪資,但是如果你接受了,就會(huì)給自己帶來(lái)巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。正如《快公司》的莉迪亞?迪斯曼在之前的一篇報(bào)道中所描述的那樣,不談判起薪會(huì)讓你在60歲的時(shí)候損失50多萬(wàn)美元。對(duì)于公司來(lái)說(shuō),虛報(bào)低薪也是常見(jiàn)的做法,因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為求職者會(huì)與他們進(jìn)行談判。
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Jacqueline Twillie, negotiation trainer and author of Navigating The Career Jungle: A Guide For Young Professionals,? recommends taking these steps below to put yourself in the stronger position possible:
《職業(yè)叢林指南:職場(chǎng)新人指南》一書(shū)的作者杰奎琳·特威利建議,采取以下步驟,能讓你在薪酬協(xié)商中處于更有利的位置:
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Talk to members of professional associations of your target industry
咨詢目標(biāo)行業(yè)的職業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)成員
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Almost every article on salary negotiation will tell you that the first step of negotiating is to do your research, starting with finding out the market value of your position. Glassdoor and Google are great tools, but to be truly prepared, Twillie advises that jobseekers shouldn’t stop there.
幾乎每一篇關(guān)于薪資談判的文章都會(huì)告訴你,談判的第一步是要做好調(diào)查,首先要找出你要應(yīng)聘的職位的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值。Glassdoor和Google是很好的工具,但想要真正做好準(zhǔn)備,特威利建議求職者不應(yīng)該止步于此。
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“I tell people to speak with someone in professional associations. Those folks normally have their ear to the ground,” she says. Instead of asking “how much do you make?,” however, Twillie suggests that jobseekers should frame their question in the following way: “I’m considering this position in this city, and I’m thinking my value is $86,500, what do you think?”
“我告訴人們要咨詢職業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的人。這些人通常能掌握著行業(yè)內(nèi)的最新動(dòng)向,”她說(shuō)。不要直接問(wèn)“您賺了多少錢?”,特威利建議求職者應(yīng)該用下面的方式來(lái)描述他們的問(wèn)題:“我正考慮在這個(gè)城市從事這個(gè)職位,我認(rèn)為我的價(jià)值是86,500美元,您覺(jué)得怎么樣?”
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You can get a much more accurate picture this way. Noting the gender wage gap, Twillie also recommends that jobseekers speak with both men and women. “We know women get paid less than men,” so don’t just ask the women in the industry, she warns.
你還可以用下面這種方法更精確地了解薪資水平。注意到性別不同也會(huì)導(dǎo)致工資存在差距,特威利還建議求職者分別要與男性和女性職員交談。她提醒說(shuō):“我們知道女性的薪水比男性低,”所以不要只了解行業(yè)里女性的工資水平。

Treat your interview like a fill-in-blank test
將面試作為填空試題一樣對(duì)待
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Twillie says she tells applicants that when they see a job description, “I tell them to look at it as if it’s a fill-in-the-blank for a test. A lot of the time, it’s not a full picture of what you’d be doing day to day.” She encourages applicants to “generate some questions” and “read between the lines.” For example, if a job description says that in your role, you will get special projects assigned from time to time, you’d want to ask, what kind of special projects? Who are the key partners involved? Depending on the answers you get, you might have some connections that who could be a potential partner on that project.
特威利說(shuō),她告訴應(yīng)聘者,當(dāng)他們看到工作描述的時(shí)候,“他們要把它看成是一個(gè)填空測(cè)試?!焙芏鄷r(shí)候,這并不是你每天要做的事情的全貌。她鼓勵(lì)申請(qǐng)者“提出一些問(wèn)題”,注意“字里行間”的表達(dá)。例如,如果一份工作描述說(shuō)你的工作崗位會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)地分配到一些的特殊項(xiàng)目,你會(huì)想問(wèn),什么樣的特殊項(xiàng)目?誰(shuí)是關(guān)鍵的合作伙伴?根據(jù)你得到的答案,你可能會(huì)有一些線索,知道誰(shuí)可能是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的潛在合作伙伴。
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A deep dive into specifics, says Twillie, allows you to have a range of leveraging options that might not immediately be obvious. This is especially useful if you don’t have a lot of industry experience. “Once you finish the interview process, you should have a clear idea of how you can add value to the organization.” She suggests that candidates start preparing by using this information and asking themselves, “how can I leverage my network or my skills?” Having clear answers to these questions will help you a great deal come negotiation time.?
特威利說(shuō),深入研究細(xì)節(jié),可以讓你有一系列的選擇,而這些選擇可能不是顯而易見(jiàn)的。如果你沒(méi)有很多行業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn),這一點(diǎn)尤其有用。一旦你完成面試過(guò)程,你就應(yīng)該清楚地知道如何為公司增加價(jià)值。她建議求職者要懂得開(kāi)始利用這些信息,問(wèn)問(wèn)自己“我應(yīng)該如何利用自己的人際網(wǎng)或技能?”對(duì)這些問(wèn)題有明確的答案會(huì)對(duì)你在之后的薪資協(xié)商環(huán)節(jié)有很大的幫助。
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Use the “STAR” method to highlight your experience
用“STAR”法則來(lái)突出你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)
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When talking about their experiences, Twillie is a big fan of the STAR method–situation or task, action, and result. Say the interviewer throws you a question about encountering conflicts in a team environment, and you wanted to use the example of working on a group project in your sophomore year of college. Describe the project and the circumstances that led to the conflict, the actions you took to resolve the conflicts and the result. This is a great formula to show that you do have experience that is relevant to the job, even if it doesn’t seem like it.
當(dāng)應(yīng)聘者要談?wù)撍麄兊慕?jīng)歷時(shí),特威利推崇“STAR”方法即講明情境或任務(wù),行動(dòng),和結(jié)果。假設(shè)面試官向你提出了一個(gè)關(guān)于在團(tuán)隊(duì)中遇到?jīng)_突的問(wèn)題,你想用大學(xué)二年級(jí)一個(gè)小組項(xiàng)目的例子。描述這個(gè)項(xiàng)目、導(dǎo)致沖突的環(huán)境、你采取的解決問(wèn)題的行動(dòng)以及最后的結(jié)果。這是一個(gè)很好的公式來(lái)表明你確實(shí)有與這份工作相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),即使它聽(tīng)起來(lái)不太像。
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For career changers and those who’ve held part-time jobs, Twillie also recommends mentioning numbers and tangible results–whether it’s sales figures, or a percentage value. Make sure to mention what you learned from your experience and how you might apply that learning to the position you’re interviewing for. That tells them that you “have a great track record of learning and growing,” Twillie says, and that you possess the foresight to apply real-life learnings in a real-world situations.
對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)行和那些從事過(guò)兼職工作的人來(lái)說(shuō),特威利還建議要提到數(shù)字和實(shí)際結(jié)果——無(wú)論是銷售數(shù)額還是百分比。一定要提及你從你的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了什么,以及你會(huì)如何運(yùn)用所學(xué)到的東西到你面試的職位上。特威利說(shuō),這會(huì)告訴面試官,你有“很好的學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)記錄”,而且你也很有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn),能在現(xiàn)實(shí)情景中運(yùn)用從現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的學(xué)會(huì)的知識(shí)。

Show your knowledge of industry trends
展示你對(duì)行業(yè)趨勢(shì)的了解
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Even if you don’t have experience in the industry, you can show your value by illustrating your knowledge of the industry. Twillie says that jobseekers should be able to talk about the steps they took to excel working in the role they are interviewing for. One obvious way to show this is to illustrate that you can “speak” the industry. “Show that you’re already deeply immersed knowledge-wise, speak to what’s happening in the new trends,” Twillie urges.
即使你在這個(gè)行業(yè)沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn),你也可以通過(guò)展示你對(duì)這個(gè)行業(yè)的了解來(lái)表明你的價(jià)值。特威利說(shuō),求職者應(yīng)該能夠一步步地談?wù)撍麄兡軌蛟诿嬖嚨膷徫簧习l(fā)揮的作用。一種相當(dāng)明顯的辦法就是證明你可以“談?wù)摗边@個(gè)行業(yè)。特威利說(shuō):“表現(xiàn)出你已經(jīng)深深地沉浸在知識(shí)的世界里,談?wù)勥@個(gè)行業(yè)新趨勢(shì)中正在發(fā)生的事情?!?/div>
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Find a way to use your disadvantage to your advantage
想辦法將你的缺點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱硪环N優(yōu)勢(shì)
Unfortunately, negotiations are fraught with biases, deception, and hidden agendas. If candidates can identify possible biases (whether conscious or unconscious) ahead of time, they can find a way to work around them. Yes, that includes working around inexperience. As Stephanie Vozza wrote in a previous story for Fast Company, it’s all about demonstrating your value to the company. Vozza wrote, “If you’re familiar with a new type of technology, for example, mention that the company will save time and resources because they won’t have to train you.”
很不幸,談判過(guò)程中總是充滿了偏見(jiàn)、欺騙和隱瞞。如果應(yīng)聘者能夠提前識(shí)別可能的偏見(jiàn)(不管是有意識(shí)的還是無(wú)意識(shí)的),他們就能找到解決問(wèn)題的方法。是的,這也包括如何應(yīng)對(duì)缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的問(wèn)題。正如斯蒂芬妮·沃扎在之前一期《快公司》中所寫(xiě)的那樣,這一切都是為了向公司展示你的價(jià)值。沃扎寫(xiě)道:“例如,如果你熟悉一種新型的技術(shù),你就可以提到公司能夠節(jié)省時(shí)間和資源,因?yàn)樗麄儾恍枰賹?duì)你進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)?!?/div>
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Practice a low-stakes situation
在低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的情況下練習(xí)
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If the thought of negotiation makes you drip with sweat, Twillie recommends doing a practice run in low-stakes situations. “For a person who’s uncomfortable negotiating, I advise them to call their recurring monthly bill.” Whether it’s your internet provider or your bank, ask the representatives, “am I getting the best possible rate?” Try to ask for a lower rate, or for additional services at your current rate.
如果談判的想法會(huì)讓你緊張流汗,特威利建議應(yīng)聘者可以在低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的一些情況下模擬練習(xí)?!皩?duì)談判感到不舒服的人,我建議他們打電話詢問(wèn)每月的賬單?!睙o(wú)論是你的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)供應(yīng)商還是你的銀行,問(wèn)問(wèn)他們的代表,“我能得到最好的利率嗎?”試著要求更低的利率,或者以你目前的利率要求額外的服務(wù)。
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Elicit feedback from friends who can give you a little bit of “tough love”
從朋友那里得到反饋,他們可以給你一點(diǎn)“嚴(yán)厲的愛(ài)”
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Lastly, Twillie recommends role-playing with a friend–someone who can hit you with the hard questions, but not be afraid to tell you what you need to improve on. It’s also a great idea to practice with someone who is knowledgeable about the role that you’re applying for.
最后,特威利建議應(yīng)聘者可以和朋友一起玩角色扮演,這個(gè)朋友能夠向你拋出犀利的問(wèn)題,也不害怕告訴你需要改進(jìn)的地方。與那些對(duì)你申請(qǐng)的職位有充分了解的人一起練習(xí)也是一個(gè)很好的主意。
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Twillie also stress the importance of saying your target number out loud. “If you’ve never said $94,000, your voice might crack. Being aware of how you sound is very important in practice. That can make a big difference in $10,000 or $20,000.” To go a step further, she recommends that candidates record their practice negotiations–even film it if they can, so they can get an idea of their body language.
特威利還強(qiáng)調(diào)大聲說(shuō)出目標(biāo)薪酬的重要性?!叭绻銖奈凑f(shuō)過(guò)94000美元,你可能會(huì)破音。在實(shí)踐中注意你的聲音是非常重要的。這可能會(huì)帶來(lái)薪資到底是1萬(wàn)美元還是2萬(wàn)美元的巨大差異?!睘榱烁M(jìn)一步,她建議候選人記錄下他們的談判練習(xí),甚至可以拍成視頻,這樣他們就能更好的了解自己的肢體語(yǔ)言。

As an entry-level candidate or career changer with little obvious leverage, following these tips above will put you in a strong position to ask for a bigger salary. But at end of the day, Twillie says, “negotiation is like a muscle: The more you practice, the better you get.” And yes, sometimes those practice don’t yield successful results.
作為一個(gè)沒(méi)有明顯影響力的入門級(jí)或改行的應(yīng)聘者,聽(tīng)從以上的這些建議會(huì)讓你立于一個(gè)更堅(jiān)定的位置去要求更高的薪水。但特威利補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“談判就像一塊肌肉,練習(xí)得越多,結(jié)果就越好?!辈贿^(guò)當(dāng)然,有時(shí)這些做法也不一定都會(huì)取得成功。
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She tells candidates not to worry too much if they don’t get their desired outcome early on. “Continue to work hard and be diligent, but evaluate what you can do in that situation to continue to grow.” That way, when the next salary negotiation time rolls around, you’ll be armed with a whole lot more leverage than what you started with.
她告訴應(yīng)聘者,如果他們起初還未得到他們想要的結(jié)果,不要太擔(dān)心了?!袄^續(xù)努力工作,勤奮做人,仍然要評(píng)估在那種情況下你能做些什么才能繼續(xù)成長(zhǎng)?!边@樣的話,當(dāng)下一次的薪水談判到來(lái)時(shí),你將會(huì)擁有比你開(kāi)始時(shí)更多的籌碼。
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